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Carbon Materials for Catalysis
ISBN-13: 9780470178850 / Angielski / Twarda / 2008 / 608 str.
Carbon Materials for Catalysis
ISBN-13: 9780470178850 / Angielski / Twarda / 2008 / 608 str.
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This is the first comprehensive book covering all aspects of the use of carbonaceous materials in heterogeneous catalysis. It covers the preparation and characterization of carbon supports and carbon-supported catalysts; carbon surface chemistry in catalysis; the description of catalytic, photo-catalytic, or electro-catalytic reactions, including the development of new carbon materials such as carbon xerogels, aerogels, or carbon nanotubes; and new carbon-based materials in catalytic or adsorption processes. This is a premier reference for carbon, inorganic, and physical chemists, materials scientists and engineers, chemical engineers, and others.
1 Physico–chemical properties of carbon materials: a brief overview (Ljubisa R. Radovic) .
1.1 Introduction.
1.2 Formation of Carbons.
1.3 Structure and Properties of Carbons.
1.4 Reactions of Carbons.
1.5 Summary and Conclusions.
1.6 References.
2. Surface chemistry of carbon materials (Teresa J. Bandosz) .
2.1 Introduction .
2.2 Surface functionalities.
2.3 Surface modifications.
2.4 Characterization of surface chemistry.
2.5 Role of surface chemistry in the reactive adsorption on activated carbons.
2.6 Role of carbon surface chemistry in catalysis.
2.7 References.
3. Molecular Simulations applied to adsorption on and reaction with carbon (Zhonghua (John) Zhu).
3.1 Introduction.
3.2 Molecular simulation methods applied to carbon reactions.
3.3 Hydrogen adsorption on and reaction with carbon.
3.4 Carbon reactions with oxygen containing gases.
3.5 Metal–Carbon interactions.
3.6 Conclusions.
3.7 References.
4. Carbon as catalyst support (Francisco Rodr¡guez–Reinoso and Antonio Sepúlveda–Escribano).
4.1 Introduction.
4.2 Carbon properties affecting its role as catalyst support.
4.3 Preparation of carbon supported catalysts.
4.4 Applications.
4.5 Summary.
4.6 References.
5. Preparation of carbon–supported metal catalysts (Johannes H. Bitter and Krijn P. de Jong).
5.1 Introduction.
5.2 Impregnation/adsorption.
5.3 Deposition Precipitation.
5.4 Emerging preparation methods.
5.5 Concluding remarks.
5.6 References.
6. Carbon as catalyst (Jos Luis Figueiredo and Manuel Fernando R. Pereira).
6.1 Introduction.
6.2 Factors affecting the performance of a carbon catalyst.
6.3 Reactions catalyzed by carbons.
6.4 Conclusions.
6.5 References.
7. Catalytic properties of nitrogen–containing carbons (Hanns–Peter Boehm).
7.1 Introduction.
7.2 Nitrogen–doping of carbons.
7.3 Catalysis of oxidation reactions with dioxygen.
7.4 Catalysis of aging of carbons.
7.5 Catalysis of dehydrochlorination reactions.
7.6 Conclusions on the mechanism of catalysis by nitrogen–containing carbons.
7.7 References.
8. Carbon anchored metal complex catalysts (Cristina Freire and Ana Rosa Silva).
8.1 Introduction.
8.2 General methods for molecule immobilization.
8.3 Methods for immobilization of transition metal complexes onto carbon materials .
8.4 Application of coordination compounds anchored onto carbon material in several catalytic reactions .
8.5 Carbon supported organometallic compounds in hydrogenation and hydroformylation catalytic reactions .
8.6 Carbon supported organometallic complexes in polymerisation reaction of olefins.
8.7 Concluding Remarks.
8.8 References.
9. Carbon nanotubes and nanofibers in catalysis (Philippe Serp).
9.1 Introduction.
9.2 Catalytic growth of carbon nanofibers and carbon nanotubes.
9.3 Why can CNTs or CNFs be suitable to be used in catalysis?.
9.4 Preparation of supported catalysts on CNTs and CNFs.
9.5 Catalytic performance of CNT– and CNF–based catalysts.
9.6 Conclusion.
9.7 References.
10. Carbon gels in catalysis (Carlos Moreno–Castilla).
10.1 Introduction.
10.2 Carbon gels: preparation and surface properties.
10.3 Metal–doped carbon gels.
10.4 Catalytic reactions of metal–doped carbon gels.
10.5. Conclusions.
10.6 References.
11. Carbon monoliths in catalysis (Karen M. de Lathouder, Edwin Crezee, Freek Kapteijn and Jacob A. Moulijn).
11.1 Introduction.
11.2 Carbon.
11.3 Monolithic structures.
11.4 Carbon monoliths.
11.5 Carbon monoliths in catalysis: an overview.
11.6 Example of carbon monoliths as catalyst support material.
11.7 Evaluation and Practical Considerations.
11.8 Conclusions.
11.9 References.
12. Carbon materials as supports for fuel cells electrocatalysts (Frédéric Maillard, Pavel A. Simonov and Elena R. Savinova).
12.1 Introduction.
12.2 Structure and morphology of carbon materials.
12.3 Physicochemical properties of carbon materials relevant to the fuel cell operation.
12.4 Preparation of carbon–supported electrocatalysts.
12.5 Structural characterization of carbon–supported metal catalysts.
12.6 Influence of carbon supports on the performance of the catalytic layers in PEMFCs.
12.7 Corrosion and stability of carbon–supported catalysts.
12.8 Conclusions and outlook.
12.9 References.
13. Carbon materials in photocatalysis (Joaquim Lu¡s Faria and Wendong Wang).
13.1 Introduction.
13.2 Different carbon materials employed to modify TiO2 in photocatalysis.
13.3. Synthesis and characterization of carbon–TiO2 composites.
13.4 Photodegradation on carbon containing surfaces.
13.5. Role of the carbon phase in heterogeneous photocatalysis.
13.6. Concluding remarks.
13.7 References.
14. Carbon–based sensors (Jun Li).
14.1 Introduction.
14.2 The physico–chemical properties of sp2 carbon materials relevant to carbon sensors.
14.3 Carbon–based sensors.
14.4 Summary.
14.5 References.
15. Carbon Supported Catalysts for the Chemical Industry (Venu Arunajatesan, Baoshu Chen, Konrad Möbus, Daniel J. Ostgard, Thomas Tacke and Dorit Wolf).
15.1 Introduction.
15.2 Properties and Requirements of Carbon Materials as Catalyst Supports for Industrial Applications.
15.3 Industrial manufacturing of carbon supports.
15.4 Manufacturing of Carbon Supported Catalysts.
15.5 Reaction Technology.
15.5.1 Batch stirred–tank and loop reactors.
15.6 Industrial Applications.
15.7 Testing and Evaluation of Carbon Catalysts.
15.8 Conclusions and Outlook.
15.9 References.
PHILIPPE SERP, PHD, is a Professor of Inorganic Chemistry at Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Ingénieurs en Arts Chimiques et Technologiques, Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse, France. He is the recipient of the 2004 Catalysis Division of the French Chemical Society Award and the APDF 2005 Celestino da Costa/Jean Perrin Award. Dr. Serp′s research interests at Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination include nanostructured catalytic materials (e.g., nanoparticles, nanotubes, and nanowires), nanocatalysis, and homogeneous catalytic reactions. He has published more than eighty papers and holds eight patents.
JOSé LUÍS FIGUEIREDO, PHD, is a Professor of Chemical Engineering at Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto (FEUP), Portugal. His research interests include applied catalysis and nanostructured carbon materials. In 2004, he received an award for excellence from the Portuguese Ministry for Higher Education and Scientific Research. Dr. Figueiredo has published more than 120 scientific papers in international journals and is the author or editor of seven books.
Setting the foundation for new advances in heterogeneous catalysis
The use of carbon materials in heterogeneous catalysis offers many potential benefits, including unparalleled flexibility in tailoring catalyst properties to meet specific needs. This book promotes technological advances in the field by establishing the state of the art, identifying areas where more research is needed, and advocating for more systematic approaches. Readers gain a better understanding of the chemistry of carbon surfaces, helping them design new catalysts. Moreover, they gain new insights into improving quality control and production methods in order to produce high–performance materials.
With contributions by a team of leading experts from industry and academia, the book pulls together and explains the significance of the most recent research findings. Each of the fifteen chapters has been carefully edited to ensure a consistent and thorough approach throughout. Among the key topics covered are:
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Preparation and characterization of carbon supports and carbon–supported catalysts
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The role of carbon surface chemistry in catalysis, including molecular simulations
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Catalytic, photocatalytic, and electrocatalytic reactions
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Carbon materials as supports for fuel cell electrocatalysts
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The development of new carbon materials, such as carbon xerogels, aerogels, and carbon nanotubes
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Carbon–supported catalysts for the chemical industry
References at the end of each chapter guide readers to the primary literature, where they can explore each topic in greater depth. This unique book brings researchers fully up to date with the latest advances, supporting their efforts to develop new carbon materials and fully exploit their potential in catalysis.
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