Anion Carriers of Mitochondrial Membranes

ISBN-13: 9783642745416 / Angielski / Miękka / 2011 / 381 str.

Angelo Azzi; Katarzyna A. Nalecz; Maciej J. Nalecz

Opis

In order to provide a functional organisation of the various biochemical processes, the intracellular environment is subdivided into compartments formed by organelles. Mitochondria serve to restore energy-rich compounds, while energy is mainly consumed in the cytosolic space. Molecules involved in these metabolic cycles have to cross the mitochondrial membrane via specialized carriers embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. All relevant structural and functional aspects of the Anion Carriers of Mitochondrial Membranes as well as isolation procedures, reconstitution experiments and biogenesis of the carriers, kinetics of transport as well as the metabolic regulation mechanisms are treated in this volume.

Spis treści

I. Isolation and Reconstitution of Carriers.- Purification and Characterization of Three Mitochondrial Substrate Carriers: the Phosphate, the 2-Oxoglutarate and the Dicarboxylate Carriers.- Purification and Reconstitution of the 2-Oxoglutarate Carrier from Bovine Heart and Liver Mitochondria.- Hydroxyapatite Chromatography as a Tool for the Isolation of Anion Carriers and Other Membrane Proteins.- Purification of the Monocarboxylate Carrier by Affinity Chromatography.- Recent Developments in the Extraction, Reconstitution, and Purification of the Mitochondrial Citrate Transporter from Normal and Diabetic Rats.- Isolation and Functional Reconstitution of the Dicarboxylate Carrier from Bovine Liver Mitochondria.- New Photoaffinity Derivatives of Malonate and Succinate to Study Mitochondrial Carrier Systems.- Reaction Mechanism of the Reconstituted Aspartate/Glutamate Antiporter from Mitochondria. Reversible Switching to Uniport function.- II. Functional Evidence and Characterization of Various Carriers.- Recent Studies on the Mitochondrial Phosphate Transport Protein (PTP) and on its Relationship to the ADP/ATP Translocase (AAC) and the Uncoupling Protein (UCP).- Mitochondrial Phosphate Carrier: Relation of its SH Groups to Oligomeric Organization.- Recent Developments in the Study of the Conformational States and the Nucleotide Binding Sites of the ADP/ATP Carrier.- Immunological and Enzymatic Approaches to the Orientation of the Membrane Bound ADP/ATP Carrier.- The ATP/ADP Antiporter is Involved in the Uncoupling Effect of Fatty Acids.- Molecular Aspects of the Adenine Nucleotide Carrier from Mitochondria.- Kinetic Mechanisms of the Adenylic and the Oxoglutaric Carriers: A Comparison.- III. Porins.- Porins from Mitochondrial and Bacterial Outer Membrances: Structural and Functional Aspects.- Modulation of the Mitochondrial Channel VDAC by a Variety of Agents.- Bioenergetic Consequences of the Lack of Mitochondrial Porin: Identification of a Putative New Pore.- Purification of Mammalian Porins.- IV. Uncoupling Protein of Brown Adipose Tissue.- A Molecular Biology Study of the Uncoupling Protein of Brown Fat Mitochondria. A Contribution to the Analysis of Genes of Mitochondrial Carriers.- On the Mechanism of Transport by the Uncoupling Protein from Brown Adipose Tissue Mitochondria.- Regulation of the Amount and Activity of the Uncoupling Protein Thermogenin in Brown Adipose Tissue.- Regulation of Uncoupling Protein and Formation of Thermogenic Mitochondria.- V. Carriers and their Cellular Environment.- Biogenesis of Mitochondrial Proteins.- Insensitivity of Carbamoyl-Phosphate Synthetase Towards Inhibition by Carbamoyl Phosphate Makes it Unlikely that Mitochondrial Metabolite Transport Controls Ornithine Cycle Flux.- Mitochondrial Adenine Nucleotide Translocation During Fatty Acid Metabolism in the Intact Cell.- Control of Oxidative Phosphorylation in Yeast Mitochondria: The Role of Phosphate Carrier and pH.- The Role of Pyrophosphate and the Adenine Nucleotide Transporter in the Regulation of the Intra-Mitochondrial Volume.- Role of the Mitochondrial Outer Membrane in Dynamic Compartmentation of Adenine Nucleotides.- Topology of Peripheral Kinases: its Importance in Transmission of Mitochondrial Energy.- Control of Mitochondrial Energy Production in vivo.