Anaerobic Oxidation of Methane Coupled to the Reduction of Different Sulfur Compounds as Electron Acceptors in Bioreactors

ISBN-13: 9781138329133 / Angielski / Miękka / 2018 / 176 str.

Chiara Cassarini

Opis

This research investigated new approaches to control anaerobic methane oxidation coupled to sulfate reduction (AOM-SR) and enrich anaerobic methanotrophs (ANME) and sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) with the purpose of designing a suitable bioreactor for AOM-SR at ambient pressure and temperature. The current knowledge about AOM and the microorganisms involved in AOM are discussed. The effect of different substrates and pressures was investigated on the ANME and SRB community adapted to the shallow marine Lake Grevelingen, the Netherlands. Further, microorganisms from the Alpha Mound (Spain) deep sediment were enriched with methane gas as substrate in biotrickling filters (BTF) at ambient conditions for 147-230 days of operation. The effect of alternative sulfur compounds (sulfate, thiosulfate and elemental sulfur) were studied and the microbial community was characterized. The highest AOM and sulfate reduction rates were obtained in the BTF fed with thiosulfate as the electron acceptor (~0.4 mmol l^-1 day^-1), but the highest number of ANME was visualized in the sulfate fed BTF (ANME-2 43% of the total visualized archaea). A BTF was proposed as a suitable bioreactor for the enrichment of ANME and SRB at ambient pressure and temperature which could be potentially used for future biotechnological applications.

Spis treści

1. General Introduction and Thesis Outline
2. Physiology and Distribution of Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) by Archaeal Methanotrophs
3. Microbial Sulfate Reducing Activities in Anoxic Sediment from Marine Lake Grevelingen
4. Pressure Sensitivity on an ANME-3 Predominant Anaerobic Methane Oxidizing Community from Coastal Marine Grevelingen
5. Ananerobic Oxidation of Methane Coupled to Thiosulphate Reduction in a Biotrickling Filter
6. Enrichment of Anaerobic Methanotrophs in Biotrickling filters using Different Sulfur Compounds as Electron Acceptors
7. General Discussion and Future Perspectives