Adp-Ribose Transfer Reactions: Mechanisms and Biological Significance

ISBN-13: 9781461585091 / Angielski / Miękka / 2012 / 527 str.

Myron K. Jacobson; Elaine L. Jacobson

Opis

Current interest in NAD (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) in biological systems focuses on its role in ADP-ribose transfer reactions. These appear to be fundamentally involved in the regulation of many physiological processes. The contributions in this monograph thus represent the range of research in the very active investigation of niacin metabolism. The major topics covered are: - Enzymology of ADP-Ribosylation - ADP-Ribosylation and Chromatin Function - Carcinogenesis and Differentiation - NAD Metabolism and Chemotherapy - ADP-Ribosylation and Signal Transduction - Molecular Genetic Approaches to ADP-Ribosylation

Spis treści

One: Enzymology of ADP-Ribosylation.- Amino Acid-Specific ADP-Ribosylation: Purification and Properties of an Erythrocyte ADP-Ribosylarginine Hydrolase.- ADP-Ribosyltransferase and Endogenous Acceptor Proteins in Animal Muscle Tissues: ADP-Ribosylation of Ca2+-Dependent ATPase in Rabbit Skeletal Muscle Sarcoplasmic Reticulum and the Effect of Basic Peptides.- Endogenous ADP-Ribosylation of Proteins at Cysteine Residues.- Reversible ADP-Ribosylation of Dinitrogenase Reductase from Rhodospirillum rubrum Regulates the Activity of the Enzyme In Vivo and In Vitro.- Phospho ADP-Ribosylation and Phospho Adenylylation of Proteins.- ADP-Ribosyl Transferase of Mitochondria and of Ribonucleoprotein Particles Containing Silent Messenger RNA.- In Vitro Evidence for Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation of DNA Polymerase ?- Primase and Phosphorylation of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthetase by Protein Kinase C.- Poly(ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase and ADP-Ribosyl Group Turnover.- In Vitro ADP-Ribosylation Utilizing 2’Deoxy-NAD+ as a Substrate.- Reconstitution of an In Vitro Poly(ADP-Ribose) Turnover System.- Effect of Selected Octadeoxyribonucleotides and 6-Amino-1,2 Benzopyroneon Poly(ADP Ribose) Transferase Activity.- Two Tests of the Direction of Elongation of Poly (ADP-ribose): Residues are Added at the Polymerase-Proximal Terminus.- Biosynthesis and Degradation of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthetase.- Monoclonal Antibodies Against Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase: Epitope Mapping, Inhibition of Activity and Interspecies Immunoreactivity.- Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase: Determination of Content From TCA-Precipitated Cells, Existence of Species-Specific Isoforms and Changes During the Growth Cycle.- ADP-Ribosylation in Mitochondria: Enzymatic and Non Enzymatic Reactions.- Localization of the Zinc-Binding Sites in the DNA-Binding Domain of the Bovine Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase.- Heterogeneity of Polyclonal Antisera to ADP-Ribose and Their Use as Probes for ADP-Ribosylation in Human Tumor Cells.- ADP-Ribosylating Activity in Sulfolobus solfataricus.- Alteration of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Metabolism By Ethanol: Kinetic Mechanism of Action.- The Effect of Benzamides on the Activity of Nuclear ADP-Ribosyl Transferase and the Accumulation of Poly(ADP-Ribose) In Vivo.- Carba-Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide: Synthesis and Enzymological Application of a Novel Inhibitor of ADP-Ribosyl Transfer.- Purification and Properties of Two Forms of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase.- Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation in Free Cytoplasmic mRNA-Protein Complexes.- New Inhibitors of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthetase.- Monoclonal Antibodies to Human Placental Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthetase.- Characterization of the Human Autoantibody Response to Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase.- In Vivo Automodification of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase and DNA Repair.- Two: ADP-Ribosylation and Chromatin Function.- ADP-Ribosylation and Chromatin Function.- Modulation of Chromatin Structure by Poly (ADP-Ribosyl)ation.- Automodified Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthetase Detected in Rat Liver Cells is Selectively Attached to a Nuclear Matrix-Like Structure.- Studies on the Nuclear Distribution of ADP-Ribose Polymers.- A Proposed Molecular Mechanism of Nucleosome Unfolding. Effect of Poly(ADP-Ribose) on DNA-Histone H4 Interaction.- On the Nature of the Interaction Between Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase and DNA.- Inhibition of ADP-Ribosyl Transferase Activity Blocks the Stable Integration of Transfected DNA into the Mammalian Cell Genome.- Role of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase in Ribosomal RNA Gene Transcription.- ADP-Ribosylation of HeLa Chromosomal and Nuclear Proteins: Response to DNA Damage Caused by Chemical Mutagens.- Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase: DNA Complexes Visualized as Looped Structures by Electron Microscopy.- Poly(ADP-Ribose) May Signal Changing Metabolic Conditions to the Chromatin of Mammalian Cells.- Uncoupling of DNA Excision Repair and Chromatin Rearrangements in Poly(ADP-Ribose)-Depleted Cells.- Highly Sensitive Method for Immunohistochemical Detection of Poly(ADP-Ribose) in Various Animal Species.- Three: Carcinogenesis and Differentiation.- Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation of Nuclear Proteins By Oxidant Tumor Promoters.- The Cytogenetic Effects of an Inhibition of Poly(ADP- Ribose) Polymerase.- Effect of 3-Aminobenzamide on the Induction of ?- Glutamyltrans-peptidase Positive Foci in the Liver of Rats Treated with Various Chemical Carcinogens.- A Role of Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation in Carcinogen-Inducible Transient DNA Amplification.- Arrest of Tumor Growth by DNA-Site Inhibitors of Adenosine Diphosphoribose Transferase.- Inhibition of SV40 Replication In Vitro by Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ated Diadenosine Tetraphosphate.- Killing and Mutation of Density Inhibited V-79 Cells as Affected by Inhibition of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthesis.- Influence of Benzamide and Nalidixic Acid on the Killing and Mutation Induced in V-79 cells by N-Methyl-N’-Nitro-N-Nitrosoguanidine.- Loss of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Transferase Activity in Liver of Rats Treated with 2-Aeetylaminofluorene.- V-79 Cell Variants Deficient in Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase.- Cytotoxicity of TPA-Stimulated Granulocytes and Inhibitors of ADP-Ribosylation.- 3-Aminobenzamide Enhances X-Ray Induction of Chromosome Aberrations in Down Syndrome Lymphocytes.- 3-Methoxybenzamide, A Possible Initiator for DMBA-Induced Carcinogenesis.- Synergistic Induction of Sister Chromatid Exchanges and Cell Division Delays in Ehrlich Ascites Tumor Cells Treated with Cytoxan and Caffeine In Vivo.- Inhibition of Poly(ADP-Ribosyl)ation and Sister Chromatid Exchange Induction.- Differential Effect of Benzamide on Repair-Deficient and Proficient Strains of L5178Y Lymphoblasts Exposed to UVC or X-Radiations.- Nicotinamide Deficiency and Sister Chromatid Exchanges.- ADP-Ribosyl Transferase in the Differentiation of Protozoa and Embryonic Mouse Thymus.- ADP-Ribosylation of Leukemia Cell Membrane Proteins Correlates with Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Dependent Differentiation.- Poly(ADP-Ribose) Transferase in Lizard Oviduct.- DNA Damage Does Not Induce Lethal Depletion of NAD During Chicken Spermatogenesis.- Divergence of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Activity, Poly(ADP- Ribose) Levels and the Effect of Polymerase Inhibitors in Differentiating 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes.- Differences in DNA Supercoiling and ADP-Ribosylation During Granulocytic and Monocytic Differentiation.- Niacin Analogs that Induce Differentiation of Friend Erythroleukemia Cells are Able to Cause DNA Hypomethylation.- In Vivo Poly(ADP-Ríbose) Levels in Carcinogen Treated Human Promyelocytic Leukemia Cells.- Activation-Inactivation of PoIy(ADP-Ribose) Transferase of Mammalian Cells Exposed to DNA Damaging Agents.- Four: NAD Metabolism and Chemotherapy.- Aspects of NAD Metabolism in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes.- An Approach to the Selective Targeting of NAD Consuming Reactions in Cultured Mammalian Cells.- Pyridine Nucleotide Metabolism as a Target for Cancer Chemotherapy.- Pivotal Role of PoIy(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Activation in the Pathogenesis of Immunodeficiency and in the Therapy of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia.- Active Transport of Nicotinamide and the Adenine Moiety of NAD by Metabolically Controlled NAD Catabolism.- The Effect of Extracellular Calcium on NAD Metabolism in Human Diploid Cells.- Reduced Tumor Progression In Vivo by an Inhibitor of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Synthetase (3-Aminobenzamide) in Combination with X-Rays or Cytostatic Drug DTIC.- Cytotoxic Effects of 3-Aminobenzamide in CHO-K1 Cells Treated with Purine Antimetabolites.- Hyperthermia and Poly (ADP-Ribose) Metabolism.- Comparison of Low Dose Nicotinamide Versus Benzamide as Radiosensitizers in a C3H Mammary Carcinoma.- Viral Hepatitis in Mice and ADP-Ribose Metabolism.- Five: ADP-Ribosylation and Signal Transduction.- GTP-Binding Proteins, Substrates of Pertussis Toxin-Catalyzed ADP-Ribosylation, as Mediators of Receptor-Coupled Signal Transduction.- Clostridium botulinum Exoenzyme C3 ADP-Ribosylates and Functionally Modifies p21.bot in PC12 Cells Without Affecting Neurosecretion.- ADP-Ribosylation of Human c-Ha-ras Protein by Hen Liver ADP-Ribosyl Transferase.- Mono(ADP-Ribosylation) in Rat Liver Mitochondria.- Botulinum Neurotoxins ADP-Ribosylate A Novel GTP-Binding Protein (Gb).- C3: A Novel Botulinum ADP-Ribosyltransferase Modifies a Putative 21 kDA G-Protein.- Stimulation of Choleragen Enzymatic Activities by GTP and a Membrane Protein from Bovine Brain.- Activation of the NAD Glycohydrolase, NAD:Agmatine and NAD:Gs? ADP-Ribosyltransferase and Auto-ADP-Ribosylation Activities of Choleragen by Guanyl Nucleotide and Soluble Proteins Purified from Bovine Brain.- Six: Molecular Genetic Approaches to ADP- Ribosylation.- Active Sites and Homology of Diphtheria Toxin and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Exotoxin A.- The Cloning of the cDNA and Gene for Human Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase: Status on the Biological Function(s) Using Recombinant Probes.- Adenosine Diphosphate Ribosylation of Elongation Factor-2 as a Therapeutic Target: Genetic Construction and Selective Action of a Diphtheria Toxin-Related Interleukin-2 Fusion Protein.- Molecular Structure of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthetase.- The Biological Function(s) of the Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase as Observed by Transient Expression of the cDNA and Transcriptional Regulation of the Gene.- Rapid Isolation of ADP-Ribosyl Transferase by Specific Precipitation and Partial Sequencing of its DNA-Binding Domain.- Sequence Analysis of the DNA Associated with Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Molecules.- Molecular Cloning of cDNA for Human Placental PoIy(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase and Decreased Expression of its Gene during Retinoic Acid-Induced Granulocytic Differentiation of HL-60 Cells.- Isolation of a cDNA Clone Encoding Bovine Poly(ADP-Ribose) Synthetase by Immunological Screening of a cDNA Expression Library and its Application as a Probe.- Radiation Sensitivity of Human Cells and the Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Gene.