A Modern Treatise on the Principle of Legality in Criminal Law

ISBN-13: 9783642137136 / Angielski / Twarda / 2010 / 199 str.

Gabriel Hallevy

Opis

Thepresentbookisbasedonthelecturesdeliveredbytheauthorinthepastfew yearsaspartoftheCriminalLawcourseoftheFacultyofLawattheOnoAcademic College. There has been little research on the principle of legality in modern criminallaw, althoughthisisoneofthemostancientlegalprinciplesofhuman society. In recent generations there have been several attempts to de?ne the principleconclusively, butonlywithregardtosomeofitsaspects. Nocompreh- sivede?nitionoftheprincipleoflegalityhasbeenattemptedtodate. Aconclusivede?nitionoftheprincipleoflegalityincriminallawrequiresboth anaccurateinward-lookingde?nitionoftheprincipleitself, andanoutward-lo- ingtreatmentofitsrelationwithcriminallawtheory. Onlyacoherenttheorythat includestheprincipleoflegalityasanintegralpartofcriminallawtheorycando justicetotheprincipleoflegality. Thisviewisconsistentwiththescienti?cconcept oflaw, whichregardsthelawaspartofscience. AModernTreatiseonthePrincipleofLegalityinCriminalLawisthereforea scienti?ctreatiseononeofthefourprinciplesofthecriminallaw. Thepresent treatiseisdividedintosixparts, accordingtothescienti?cunderstandingofthe principleoflegalityincriminallaw. Chapter1explorestherelationbetweenthe principleoflegalityandthegeneraltheoryofcriminallawinthecontextofthe structureandthedevelopmentoftheprincipleoflegalityinhumansociety. This chapter outlines the four secondary principles of the principle of legality, and describesthemingeneralterms. Chapters 2 5 discuss in detail each of the four secondary principles of the principleoflegality. Chapter 2discussesthelegitimatesourcesofthecriminal norm, Chap. 3discussestheapplicabilityofthecriminalnormintime, Chap. 4 discussestheapplicabilityofthecriminalnorminplaceandChap. 5discussesthe interpretationofthecriminalnorm. Eachofthefourchaptersconcludeswitha discussionofthecon?ictoflawsissuesrelevanttothesecondaryprincipleunder investigation. Finally, Chap. 6addressestheproblemofthecon?ictoflawswithin thecon?ictsoflawsandroundsoutthediscussion. ix x Preface IwishtothankOnoAcademicCollegeforsupportingthisproject, andespecially DeanofthefacultyoflawandvicechairmanDudiSchwartzforhisstaunchsupport onsomanyimportantoccasions. IthankGabrielLanyiforhiscommentsandAnke SeyfriedofSpringerHeidelbergforguidingthepublicationofthebookfromits inceptiontoitsconclusion. Finally, Iwishtothankmywifeanddaughtersforthe helpfuldiscussionsandsupporttheyofferedalongtheway. KiryatOno, June2010 GabrielHallevy Contents 1 TheMeaningandStructureofthePrincipleofLegality inCriminalLaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1 TheRoleofthePrincipleofLegalityintheCriminal LawTheory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1. 1 TheBasicStructureofCriminalLawTheory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1. 1. 2 TheBasicStructureofthePrincipleofLegality inCriminalLaw . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1. 2 DevelopmentofthePrincipleofLegalityinCriminalLaw andItsModernJusti?cations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 TheLegitimateSourcesoftheCriminalNorm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2. 1 TheStructureoftheCriminalNormandItsIdenti?cation . . . . . . . . . . 16 2. 1. 1 ValidConditionalClauses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 2. 1. 2 CriminalSanction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 2. 1. 3 Classi?cationofOffencesBasedonContent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 2. 2 TheLegalSourcesoftheCriminalNorm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2. 2. 1 GeneralPrinciples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 2. 2. 2 LegalSources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 2. 3 Con?ictofLawsBasedonLegitimateSources oftheCriminalNorm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3 ApplicabilityoftheCriminalNorminTime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3. 1 BasicDistinctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 3. 1. 1 DistinctionBetweenProceduralandSubstantive CriminalNorms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 3. 1. 2 DistinctionBetweenRelevantPointsinTime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 3. 1. 3 DistinctionBetweenContinuous, Temporary, andFragmentedCriminalNorms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 3. 1. 4 DistinctionBetweenMitigatingandAggravating CriminalNorms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 xi xii Contents 3. 2 ApplicabilityoftheProceduralCriminalNorminTime . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3. 2. 1 TheGeneralRule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58 3. 2. 2 ApplicationoftheRule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 3. 3 ApplicabilityinTimeoftheSubstantiveCriminalNorm . . . . . . . . . . . 67 3. 3. 1 TheGeneralRule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67 3. 3. 2 ApplicationoftheRule . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 3. 4 Con?ictofLawsBasedonApplicabilityoftheCriminal NorminTime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78 4 TheApplicabilityoftheCriminalNorminPlace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 4. 1 TheBasicDistinctions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81 4. 1. 1 Di

Spis treści

The Meaning and Structure of the Principle of Legality in Criminal Law.- The Legitimate Sources of the Criminal Norm.- Applicability of the Criminal Norm in Time.- The Applicability of the Criminal Norm in Place.- Interpretation of the Criminal Norm.- The Conflict of Laws Within the Conflicts of Laws in the Principle of Legality.

O autorze

Gabriel Hallevy is professor of criminal law and criminal justice at the Faculty of Law, Ono Academic College, the largest faculty of law in Israel. He earned his LL.B. magna cum laude from Tel-Aviv University, and was on the Dean's List. He earned his LL.M. magna cum laude from Tel-Aviv University, and his Ph.D. summa cum laude from the University of Haifa. One year after obtaining his Ph.D. degree, he was promoted to Senior Lecturer (Associate Professor), and less than three years later, at age 37, to Professor. He was a visiting professor in the Swiss Institute of Comparative Law (2007-2009), and Editor in Chief of the Ono Academic College Law Review. Professor Hallevy is currently a member of the editorial board of 6 international law reviews. 
In 2007 Professor Hallevy was granted a special honorary prize by the Knesset (the highest academic prize in Israel) for the research in criminal law. He has over 50 publications in English, French, German, and Hebrew (12 books and numerous articles published or accepted for publication in prestigious law reviews, including those of Harvard, Cardozo, Akron, Alabama, Syracuse, Pepperdine, Northwestern University, American University, and others. He is frequently cited in the Israeli Supreme Court, which has embraced most of his original ideas in criminal law (e.g., the conspiracy test in the law of complicity, the interpretation model of the criminal norm, the proposed insanity test, and many more). He is the author of the most popular textbook in criminal law in Israel (four volumes, over 4,000 pages) and of the most popular textbook in criminal justice in Israel (four volumes, over 3,000 pages).
Professor Hallevy speaks English, French, German, and Hebrew.

Blurb

This book discusses legality, one of the four main principles of criminal law, and is divided into six parts, according to the scientific understanding of this key concept. Chapter 1 explores the relation between legality and the general theory of criminal law in the context of the structure and development of legality in human society. This chapter also outlines the four secondary principles of legality and describes them in general terms. Chapters 2-5 discuss in detail each of the four secondary principles (Legitimate Sources of the Criminal Norm; Applicability of the Criminal Norm in Time; Applicability of the Criminal Norm in Place; and Interpretation of the Criminal Norm). Finally, Chapter 6 rounds out the discussion by addressing the problem of the conflict of laws.