Advances in Friedel-Crafts Acylation Reactions: Catalytic and Green Processes

ISBN-13: 9781420067927 / Angielski / Twarda / 2009 / 216 str.

Giovanni Sartori;Raimondo Maggi

Opis

Used in the production of a wide number of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals, the Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction represents a synthetic process of great interest to organic chemists of academia and industry. Nearly 40 years since the last major treatise on the topic and reflecting the growing emphasis on green technology, Advances in Friedel-Crafts Acylation Reactions: Catalytic and Green Processes focuses on how to make this reaction more economically and environmentally friendly by using green acylating conditions, thus minimizing the formation of waste and decreasing production costs. Divided into four parts, the book explores stoichiometric acylations, catalytic homogeneous acylations, catalytic heterogeneous acylations, and phenol acylations. It is structured according to the role played by the catalyst in the activation of reagents as well as in the different modes of regioselectivity encountered in the acylation of arenes, aromatic ethers, and phenols. Incorporating examples of all acid-catalyzed Friedel-Crafts acylation reactions, the text considers classic Lewis and Bronsted acid types along with more innovative and advanced multicomponent superacid catalysts. These range from rare earth triflates or triflimides and their combination with ionic liquids to metal-promoted zeolites and zeotypes, clays, polymetal oxides, sulfated zirconia, heteropoly acids, and Nafion. The book emphasizes the major industrial applications, providing a critical assessment of the differences, advantages, and disadvantages of homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Helping readers to better understand the mechanism of the Friedel-Crafts acylation, the examples in the book substantiate the development of more effective catalysts and more selective processes achieved during the last few decades, enabling industry to embark on a safer and more efficient synthesis of aromatic ketones for the manufacture of a wide array of products."

The Friedel-Crafts acylation reaction is a dealkylation process that produces aromatic ketones that are used in the synthesis of a wide number of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals including fragrances, flavors, dyes, and agrochemical products. Written by one of the world’s leading authorities in this area of organic chemistry, this volume, the first on Friedel-Crafts in many years, focuses on how to make the reaction more economically and environmentally friendly through the use of green acylating agents, which minimizes the formation of waste. The advantages and disadvantages of homogeneous versus heterogeneous approach is discussed, as is the elusive Fries rearrangement.

O autorze

Giovanni Sartori is the Head of the "Clean Synthetic Methodologies Groups" of the University of Parma in Italy. His research interests include all aspects of the heterogeneous catalysis applied to the fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals production with particular attention to the preparation and use of supported organic (chiral) catalysts. Raimondo Maggi is an Associate Professor of Organic Chemistry at the University of Parma. His research interests include the preparation and use of heterogeneous (chiral) catalysts for the environmentally friendly synthesis of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals.