Preface, 1. Laulut suuret lapsillensa (“Great songs for his children”): The Dual Heirs to the Folk Poetry Tradition, 2. Neitsy Maaria emonen (“Virgin Mary little mother”): Pattern and Persistence in the Nativity Songs of Arhippa Perttunen, 3. Maijatta, korea kuopus (“Maijatta, comely youngest child”): Lonnrot’s Version of the Nativity (Poem 50), 4. Vesti laijat laivaksi (“He carved planks into a ship”): Artistic Shaping Over Time in the Folk Poems of Luka Tarasov, 5. Kalevalasta opittu (“Learned from the Kalevala”): Folk Appropriations of Lonnrot’s Epic, 6. Alahall on allin mieli (“Downcast is the duck’s spirit”): The Conversational Aesthetic of Larin Paraske and Ingrian Lyric Poetry, 7. Elkame unohtako kakeaf (“Let us not forget the cuckoo!”): Lyric Stasis and Epic Progress in the Kalevala, Epilogue, Notes, Bibliography, Index