Superacid Chemistry

ISBN-13: 9780471596684 / Angielski / Twarda / 2009 / 872 str.

George A. Olah

Opis

The chemistry of superacids has developed in the last two decades into a field of growing interest and importance. Now available in a new expanded second edition, this definitive work on superacids offers a comprehensive review of superacids and discusses the development of new superacid systems and applications of superacids in the promotion of unusual reactions. Covering Bronsted and Leurs superacids, solid superacids, carbocations, heterocations, and catalyzed reactions, this timely volume is invaluable to professionals, faculty, and graduate students in organic, inorganic, and physical chemistry.

Recenzje

? Superacid Chemistry is a tightly worded description of the present state of the field, and as an inclusive reference book for this area of chemistry, I believe most active researchers will want access to it.? ( JACS , August 2009)

Spis treści

Preface to the Second Edition.

Preface to the First Edition.

Chapter 1: General Aspects.

1.1. Defining Acidity.

1.2. Definition of Superacids.

1.3. Types of Superacids.

1.4. Experimental Techniques for Acidity Measurements (Protic Acids).

Chapter 2: Superacid Systems.

2.1. Primary Superacids.

2.2. Binary Superacids.

2.3. Ternary Superacids.

2.4. Solid Superacids.

Chapter 3: Carbocations in Superacid Systems.

3.1. Introduction.

3.2. Methods of Generating Carbocations in Superacids.

3.3. Methods and Techniques in the Study of Carbocations.

3.4. Trivalent Carbocations.

3.5. Equilibrating (Degenerate) and Higher (Five or Six) Coordinate (Nonclassical) Carbocations.

Chapter 4: Heterocations in Superacid Systems.

4.1. Introduction.

4.2. Onium Ions.

4.3. Enium Ions.

4.4. Homo– And Heteropolyatomic Cations.

4.5. Cations of Group 6–12 Elements.

Chapter 5: Superacid–Catalyzed Reactions.

5.1. Conversion of Saturated Hydrocarbons.

5.2. Alkylation of Aromatic Hydrocarbons.

5.3. Acylation of Aromatics.

5.4. Carboxylation.

5.5. Formylation.

5.6. Thio– and Dithiocarboxylation.

5.7. Sulfonation and Sulfonylation.

5.8. Nitration.

5.9. Nitrosonium Ion (No+)–Induced Reactions.

5.10. Halogenation.

5.11. Amination.

5.12. Oxyfunctionalization.

5.13. Superacids in Protection Group Chemistry.

5.14. Superacids in Heterocyclic Chemistry.

5.15. Dehydration.

5.16. Superacids in Carbohydrate Chemistry.

5.17. Rearrangements and Cyclizations.

5.18. Ionic Hydrogenation.

5.19. Esterification and Ester Cleavage.

5.20. Additions.

5.21. Ritter Reactions.

5.22. Polymerization.

5.23. Miscellaneous Reactions.

References.

Outlook.

Index.

O autorze

Ronald M. Heck, PHD, is President of RMH Consulting, where he specializes in consultation on environmental catalysis for auto, diesel, and stationary sources; general catalysis; fuel cells; reaction engineering: combustion technology; and chemical engineering. Previously, Dr. Heck was a Research Manager responsible for developing new catalyst technology for Engelhard Corporation′s worldwide customers in environmental catalysis.

Robert J. Farrauto, PHD, is a research Fellow at BASF Catalysts and Adjunct Professor in the Earth and Environmental engineering Department of Columbia University in the City of New York where he teaches courses in catalysis and supervises graduate student research, His responsibilities at BASF catalysts include the development of advanced catalysts for hydrogen economy. He has worked extensively i9n the development of catalysts for the environmental, petroleum, and chemical industries.

Suresh T. Gulati, PHD, is a Consultant to the Science and Technology Division of Corning. He has also been a research fellow with Corning, specializing in the behavior of brittle materials. Dr. Galati has many years of experience working with automotive substrates, with an emphasis on their design and durability for diesel and passenger car applications.

Blurb

The chemistry of superacids deals with acid systems stronger than conventional strong mineral Bronsted acids such as sulfuric acid and Lewis acids such as aluminum trichloride. The first edition of Superacid Chemistry, published in 1985, quickly became the definitive work in the field. Since that time, however, the field has grown exponentially, with the development of new superacid systems and innovative superacid applications. This Second Edition of Superacid Chemistry has been published to bring this acclaimed book fully up to date with all these new developments.

Superacid Chemistry features a team of pioneering authors in the field headed by George Olah, the 1994 Nobel Laureate in Chemistry. The book covers:

• General aspects of superacid chemistry, including types of superacids and experimental techniques for acidity measurements
• Superacids systems, including primary, ternary, and solid superacids
• Carbocations in superacids, including methods of generating carbocations in superacids and methods and techniques in the study of carbocations
• Heterocations in superacids, including onium ions, enium ions, homo–, and heteropolyatomic cations, and cations of group 6–12 elements
• Superacids catalyzed reactions, including conversion of saturated hydrocarbons and alkylation of aromatic hydrocarbons

Extensive references are provided throughout the book to guide readers to the primary literature for further in–depth investigations. In short, this Second Edition meets the growing need for current information on superacid chemistry among researchers in inorganic, organic, and physical chemistry in order to support and advance their research.