Colloids and Interfaces with Surfactants and Polymers

ISBN-13: 9780470518816 / Angielski / Miękka / 2009 / 388 str.

James Goodwin

Opis

From blood to milk, pumice to gelatine, most scientists interact with colloids on a daily basis without any real knowledge of their nature. Building on the success of the first edition, Colloids and Interfaces with Surfactants and Polymers Second Edition is a user-friendly, non-technical introduction to colloids and interfaces. Includes:

• Many practical examples of colloid and interface science
• An enhanced section on fluorescence microscopy, a widely used technique in biological systems for the optical imaging of cellular structures
• A new section on phenomenology (the principle of time/temperature superposition), which enables the experimentalist to extend the frequency range of their rheological instruments
• New information on sedimentation and strategies for the control of sedimentation, which is critical in many dispersions of commercial importance
• Fresh treatments of traditional theoretical topics like the electrical double-layer, colloidal interactions, wetting behavior and light scattering, as well as more recent advances in polymer science, statistical mechanics and the use of neutrons
• In-depth discussions of widely used techniques with mathematics used in a straight-forward way so quantitative descriptions of colloid and interface properties can be derived

Colloids and Interfaces with Surfactants and Polymers Second Edition explains all the fundamental concepts of colloids and interfaces as well as detailing some of the more advanced aspects which might be useful in specific applications. Intended for undergraduate and graduate courses in colloids and soft materials, the book is also relevant to those in the chemical, coatings, cosmetics, ceramics, food, pharmaceutical and oil industries. For Powerpoint slides of all the figures in the book, please see the Instructor Companion website at http: //bcs.wiley.com/he-bcs/Books?action=index&bcsId=5121&itemId=0470518804

Spis treści

Preface to the Second Edition.

Preface to First Edition.

Preface.

1 The Nature of Colloids.

1.1 Introduction.

1.2 Colloids in Action.

1.3 Concentrated Colloidal Dispersions.

1.4 Interfaces.

1.5 Surfactants.

1.6 Solution Polymers.

1.7 The World of Nanoparticles.

1.8 Preparation of Nanoparticles.

1.9 Nanocomposites.

1.10 Janus Particles.

1.11 Summary.

2 Macromolecules and Surfactants.

2.1 Introduction.

2.2 Macromolecular Definitions.

2.3 Conformation in Dilute Solutions.

2.4 The Flory–Huggins Theory of Polymer Solutions.

2.5 Polymer Solution Phase Behaviour.

2.6 Polymers at Surfaces.

2.7 Polymer Characterization.

2.8 Biopolymers.

2.9 Surfactants in Solution.

3 Interactions Between Colloidal Particles.

3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Intermolecular Attraction.

3.3 Notes on Complex Number Manipulation.

3.4 Dispersion Forces Between Particles.

3.5 Retarded Dispersion Forces.

3.6 The General or Lifshitz Theory of Dispersion Forces Between Particles.

3.7 Summary and Calculation Guide.

3.8 Calculation Strategy.

3.9 The Depletion Interaction.

4 Forces of Repulsion.

4.1 Introduction.

4.2 Electrostatic Interactions.

4.3 The Origins of Surface Charge.

4.4 The Interaction Between Diffuse Double Layers.

4.5 The Interaction Between Two Spheres.

4.6 The Effect of Particle Concentration.

4.7 Steric Interactions.

4.8 Calculation Strategy.

5 The Stability of Dispersions.

5.1 Introduction.

5.2 The Stability of Charge–Stabilised Colloids – The DLVO Theory.

5.3 Mechanisms of Aggregation.

5.4 Hetero–Coagulation and Hetero–Flocculation.

5.5 The Rate of Coagulation.

5.6 Aggregation in Flowing Dispersions.

6 The Wetting of Surfaces by Liquids.

6.1 Introduction.

6.2 The Contact Angle.

6.3 Methods for the Measurement of Contact Angle.

6.4 Contact Angle Hysteresis.

6.5 Spreading.

6.6 Curved Surfaces.

6.7 Capillarity.

6.8 Temperature Effects.

6.9 Dynamic Contact Angles.

7 Emulsions and Microemulsions.

7.1 Introduction.

7.2 Emulsification.

7.3 Stability of Emulsions.

7.4 Microemulsions.

8 Characterisation of Colloidal Particles.

8.1 Introduction.

8.2 Particle Size.

8.3 Microscopy.

8.4 Zonal Methods.

8.5 Scattering Methods.

8.6 Analysis of Scattered Radiation.

8.7 Neutron Reflection.

8.8 Dynamic Light Scattering.

8.9 Characterisation of the Electrical Properties of Particles.

8.10 Viscosities of Dilute Dispersions.

8.11 Sedimentation of Dispersions.

9 Concentrated Dispersions.

9.1 Introduction.

9.2 The Structure of Concentrated Dispersions.

9.3 Rheology.

9.4 Linear Viscoelasticity of Colloidal Dispersions.

9.5 Phenomenology.

9.6 Sedimentation in Concentrated Dispersions.

Index.

Blurb

From blood to milk, pumice to gelatine, most scientists interact with colloids on a daily basis without any real knowledge of their nature. Building on the success of the first edition, Colloids and Interfaces with Surfactants and Polymers Second Edition is a user–friendly, non–technical introduction to colloids and interfaces.

Includes:

• Many practical examples of colloid and interface science
• An enhanced section on fluorescence microscopy, a widely used technique in biological systems for the optical imaging of cellular structures
• A new section on phenomenology (the principle of time/temperature superposition), which enables the experimentalist to extend the frequency range of their rheological instruments
• New information on sedimentation and strategies for the control of sedimentation, which is critical in many dispersions of commercial importance
• Fresh treatments of traditional theoretical topics like the electrical double–layer, colloidal interactions, wetting behavior and light scattering, as well as more recent advances in polymer science, statistical mechanics and the use of neutrons
• In–depth discussions of widely used techniques with mathematics used in a straight–forward way so quantitative descriptions of colloid and interface properties can be derived

Colloids and Interfaces with Surfactants and Polymers Second Edition explains all the fundamental concepts of colloids and interfaces as well as detailing some of the more advanced aspects which might be useful in specific applications. Intended for undergraduate and graduate courses in colloids and soft materials, the book is also relevant to those in the chemical, coatings, cosmetics, ceramics, food, pharmaceutical and oil industries.