1. Introduction 2. Working principles and sensing mechanisms of electrochemical sensors based on 2D materials 3. Synthesis, modification, functionalization of 2D materials and device fabrication approaches for electrochemical sensing 4. Importance of 2D materials for electrochemical sensors: Theoretical perspectives 5. Graphene based materials for electrochemical sensing 6. Transition metal dichalcogenides and hybrids for electrochemical sensing 7. MXene based materials for electrochemical sensing 8. 2D hexagonal BN and its hybrid materials for electrochemical sensing 9. 2D black phosphorous based electrochemical sensors 10. Laser scribed graphene and 2D materials for electrochemical sensing 11. Recent developments on self-powered and portable electrochemical sensors: 2D materials perspectives 12. 2D materials-conducting polymers-based hybrids for electrochemical sensing 13. Flexible and wearable electrochemical biosensors based on 2D materials 14. Microfluidic and portable sensors based on 2D materials for chemical and biological assessment 15. Conclusions and future perspectives