This work is devoted to the study of evolution of nonequilibrium systems. Such a system usually consists of regions with different dominant scales, which coexist in the space-time where the system lives. In the case of high nonuniformity in special direction, one can see patterns separated by clearly distinguishable boundaries or interfaces.

Stochastic analysis is often understood as the analysis of functionals defined on the Wiener space, i.e., the space on which the Wiener process is realized. Since the Wiener space is infinite-dimensional, it requires a special calculus, the so-called Malliavin calculus. This book provides readers with a concise introduction to stochastic analysis, in particular, to the Malliavin calculus. It contains a detailed description of all the technical tools necessary to describe the theory, such as the Wiener process, the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process, and Sobolev spaces. It also presents applications...

This volume begins with an introduction to the structure of finite-dimensional simple Lie algebras, including the representation of root systems, the Cartan matrix, and a Dynkin diagram of a finite-dimensional simple Lie algebra. The main subjects of the book are the structure (real and imaginary root systems) of and the character formula for Kac-Moody superalgebras, which is explained in a very general setting. Only elementary linear algebra and group theory are assumed. Also covered is modular property and asymptotic behavior of integrable characters of affine Lie algebras. The exposition...

Algebraic geometry plays an important role in several branches of science and technology. This book discusses dimension theory, flat and proper morphisms, regular schemes, smooth morphisms, completion, and Zariski's main theorem. It also presents the theory of algebraic curves and their Jacobians.

The theory of $D$-modules is powerful, bringing ideas from algebra and algebraic geometry to the analysis of systems of differential equations. It is often used in conjunction with microlocal analysis, as some of the important theorems are best stated or proved using these techniques. The theory has been used very successfully in applications to representation theory. which were obtained by the author. These show up in various contexts: number theory, analysis, representation theory, and the geometry and invariants of prehomogeneous vector spaces. A hot topic from the mid 1970s to mid 1980s,...

Introduces 'Fermat's Dream', core theories in modern number theory. This book gives developments in elliptic curves, $p$-adic numbers, the $zeta$-function, and the number fields.

This text deals with geometric and topological aspects of discrete groups. The main topics are hyperbolic groups due to Gromov, automatic group theory, invented and developed by Epstein, whose subjects are groups that can be manipulated by computers, and Kleinian group theory, which enjoys the longest tradition and the richest contents within the theory of discrete subgroups of Lie groups. What is common among these three classes of groups is that when seen as geometric objects, they have the properties of a negatively curved space rather than a positively curved space. As Kleinian groups are...

The word moduli in the sense of this book first appeared in the epoch-making paper of B. Riemann, Theorie der Abel'schen Funktionen, published in 1857. Riemann defined a Riemann surface of an algebraic function field as a branched covering of a one-dimensional complex projective space, and found out that Riemann surfaces have parameters.

One of the approaches to the study of functions of several complex variables is to use methods originating in real analysis. In this concise book, the author gives a lucid presentation of how these methods produce a variety of global existence theorems in the theory of functions (based on the characterization of holomorphic functions as weak solutions of the Cauchy-Riemann equations). Emphasis is on recent results, including an $L $ extension theorem for holomorphic functions, that have brought a deeper understanding of pseudoconvexity and plurisubharmonic functions.

In a very broad sense, spaces are objects of study in geometry, and functions are objects of study in analysis. There are, however, deep relations between functions defined on a space and the shape of the space, and the study of these relations is the main theme of Morse theory. In particular, its feature is to look at the critical points of a function, and to derive information on the shape of the space from the information about the critical points. Morse theory deals with both finite-dimensional and infinite-dimensional spaces. In particular, it is believed that Morse theory on...