This comprehensive study is the first scholarly account explaining how the British and Indian armies adapted to the peculiar demands of fighting an irregular tribal opponent in the mountainous no-man's-land between India and Afghanistan. It does so by discussing how a tactical doctrine of frontier fighting was developed and 'passed on' to succeeding generations of soldiers. As this book conclusively demonstrates this form of colonial warfare always exerted a powerful influence on the organisation, equipment, training and ethos of the Army in India.

A wide-ranging and authoritative study of British foreign policy in the critical years after the 1919 Paris Peace Conference. Policy towards Western and Eastern Europe, Russia, Turkey, the Middle East, United States and Far East is examined alongside such themes as the role of Prime Minister, Foreign Secretary and Cabinet in policy formulation. The evolution and execution of policy is set alongside the limitations imposed on British statesmen by the dominions, armed forces, economic weakness and domestic politics.

Drawing on newly released government papers, John Gearson assesses the development of Harold Macmillan's foreign policy during the Berlin Wall Crisis. Tracing the bitter alliance disputes of the crisis, Dr Gearson shows how Macmillan's attempts to chart an independent course, crucially undermined his standing with his European partners and revealed his confused approach to European security. Berlin is placed at the centre of consideration of British foreign policy, making this book an important contribution to the historiography of the period.

The French North African Crisis analyses the postwar breakdown in French imperial rule in North West Africa, concentrating primarily upon the Algerian war of independence. The book highlights the human tragedy involved and the divisive consequences within French metropolitan politics of intractable colonial conflict. It further examines how far the protracted crisis of colonial control in North Africa shaped French foreign and security policy and this impacted upon Anglo-French relations, the western alliance and the wider process of decolonization.

This book provides a comprehensive examination of British policy during the Ruhr occupation crisis of 1922-24. It explores Britain's attitude to reparations and to broader questions of postwar European reconstruction and stability, revealing the dilemmas caused by Britain's underlying strategic and economic weakness after the First World War. It highlights the difficulties Britain encountered when dealing with her European neighbours and provides a valuable insight into the complexity of British foreign policy during this brief but crucial period.

This book relates the development of Anglo-Australian-New Zealand relations during and immediately after the second world war to the role of the United States in the South-west Pacific. Based on the results of comprehensive multi-archival research, the book highlights the extent of American-Commonwealth rivalry in the region and following the crisis of late 1941 and early 1942 demonstrates how the reforging of imperial links was shaped by the expansion of American power in Pacific areas south of the equator. It provides an important and timely reassessment of the economic, political and...

Despite their shared underlying interests, Britain and France, the only powers in a position to effectively meet the first overt challenges to the European order established after 1918, ignominiously failed in the management of the crises facing them in Ethiopia and the Rhineland. In this book the author attempts to understand the (mal)functioning of the Anglo-French relationship at this key juncture on the path to the second world war.

Among the greatest developments in conventional war since 1914 has been the rise of air/land power - the interaction between air forces and armies in military operations. From 1914, a great function of air power has always been its effect on ground combat, something fundamental to land warfare since 1939. This book examines the rise of air/land power and why British and American air forces handled it in a mediocre way until 1940, but by 1942 were leaders in the field. Taking an original approach, it places the study in the context of the development of doctrine and practice in an...

In original essays written by both senior scholars as well as rising younger scholars in the field of international ethics, this volume addresses the ethics of war in an era when nonstate actors are playing an increasingly prominent role in armed conflict. Central to this concern is the issue of whether, or under what conditions, nonstate actors can be said to have the "authority" to participate in war. The contributors therefore explore and analyze the problems with, and possibilities for, incorporating nonstate actors into the traditionally statecentric moral vocabulary about war-namely,...

Brian Holden Reid now considers afresh the military thought of Major-General J.F.C.Fuller - a pioneer of tank warfare and one of the most important military thinkers of the twentieth century. With a wealth of documentation, much of it previously untapped, Dr Reid explores Fuller's formative experiences, showing how his early life, his service in the Boer War and in India, and his friendships with many alienated intellectuals, including the notorious Aleister Crowley, combined to shape his mental outlook and, eventually, his study of the phenomenon of war.