In summary, considerable controversy and research have been generated from the automatic/effortful distinction. Hasher and Zacks (1979) initially stated that all manipulations (e. g., practice, individual differences such as age, orienting instructions) must produce null effects in order to satisfy the criteria that a process is "automatic. " However, Zacks et al. (1984) have more recently noted that automatic processes may range in degree from relative insensitivity to task and subject variables (e. g., frequency processing) to those that are more vulnera ble to disruptive effects (e. g.,...

Neuropsycholinguistics - the interaction between linguistics, psycholinguistics, and aphasiology - has, over the past two decades, established itself as a multidisciplinary science worthy of its recent attention in Drs. Nespoulous and Villiard's Morphology, Phonology and Aphasia. In this new volume in the Springer Series in Neuropsychology, the editors have most successfully developed a multidisciplinary team of research through the organization of two symposia - one on "Morphology and Aphasia," the other focused on "Phonology and Aphasia." Toward the goal of better...

Phonological Processes and Brain Mechanisms reviews selective neurolinguistic research relating brain structures to phonology. The studies in the volume report on a number of timely and important topics, such as a neuronal model for processing segmental phonology, the role of the thalamus and basal ganglia in language processing, and oral reading in dyslexia. Increasingly, phonology is considered a cognitive module whose brain correlates may be independently investigated. Given the modular nature of the phonological system and its direct linkage with peripheral components of the...