Kategoria BISAC: Technology & Engineering >> Superconductors & Superconductivity

At extremely low temperatures, clouds of bosonic atoms form what is known as a Bose-Einstein condensate. Recently, it has become clear that many different types of condensates -- so called fragmented condensates -- exist. In order to tell whether fragmentation occurs or not, it is necessary to solve the full many-body Schrodinger equation, a task that remained elusive for experimentally relevant conditions for many years. In this thesis the first numerically exact solutions of the time-dependent many-body Schrodinger equation for a bosonic Josephson junction are provided and compared to...

This book gives guidance to solve problems in electromagnetics, providing both examples of solving serious research problems as well as the original results to encourage further investigations. The book contains seven chapters on various aspects of resonant wave scattering, each solving one original problem. All of them are unified by the authors' desire to show advantages of rigorous approaches at all stages, from the formulation of a problem and the selection of a method to the interpretation of results.

The book reveals a range of problems associated with wave propagation...

This book disseminates basic aspects of modern spectral computational methods, which are not generally taught in traditional courses. The main advantage of these methods is that they take into account all available information at the same time, rather only the information available at a limited number of meshpoints. That leads to more complicated matrix equations, but the elegance, speed, and accuracy of the method more than compensates for this drawback. The method consists in expanding the function to be calculated into a set of appropriate basis functions (generally orthogonal...

How much knowledge can we gain about a physical system and to what degree can we control it? In quantum optical systems, such as ion traps or neutral atoms in cavities, single particles and their correlations can now be probed in a way that is fundamentally limited only by the laws of quantum mechanics. In contrast, quantum many-body systems pose entirely new challenges due to the enormous number of microscopic parameters and their small length- and short time-scales.
This thesis describes a new approach to probing quantum many-body systems at the level of individual particles: Using...

In the Li-ion battery, Ions' transportation between positive and negative electrodes relies on organic-based electrolyte with a low flammable point. Therefore, use of this type of electrolyte lead to a lot of safety issues. In addition, the potential window of commercially available organic electrolyte is only up to about 4.5V, resulting that those cathode materials with high potentials cannot be used. Therefore, it is important to address above issues by developing multi-electron electrode materials, explore new nonflammable electrolyte and new battery formats.
This book compiles...