Kategoria BISAC: Philosophy >> Language

Wilhelm von Humboldt: Uber die Verschiedenheiten des menschlichen Sprachbaues

Edition Holzinger. Taschenbuch

Berliner Ausgabe, 2016, 4. Auflage

Durchgesehener Neusatz mit einer Biographie des Autors bearbeitet und eingerichtet von Michael Holzinger

• Entstanden 1827-1829. Erstdruck in: Gesammelte Schriften, Band 6, Berlin 1907. - Zur Wiedergabe von Humdboldts Wortbeispielen aus fremden Sprachen: Das Langenzeichen wurde grundsatzlich durch den Zirkumflex ersetzt. Uber einzelne Zeichen oder Worter gestellte Ziffern erscheinen vor...

Social conventions are those arbitrary rules and norms governing the countless behaviors all of us engage in every day without necessarily thinking about them, from shaking hands when greeting someone to driving on the right side of the road. In this book, Andrei Marmor offers a pathbreaking and comprehensive philosophical analysis of conventions and the roles they play in social life and practical reason, and in doing so challenges the dominant view of social conventions first laid out by David Lewis.

Marmor begins by giving a general account of the nature of conventions,...

Philosophizing is an activity--a process carries on by mind-endeavored creatures. But philosophy itself--the product of philosophy--is an abstraction which, as such, exists in its own way. Like chemistry or poetry, the things it deals with may be ever so real, but it itself exists in the realm of textuality. However the nature of philosophy's textual domain is seldom studied as such. The present discussion will take one very small step towards filling this gap.

It must be acknowledged that the essays presented here do not constitute a systematic account of any sort but represent occasional forays. Some deal with matters that happened to evoke Rescher's interest, others grew out of a chance encounter with a text he deemed to be of particular value. Throughout, challenges of the work itself more than compensated the author's efforts. Logic has always been of crucially important concern to philosophers. Rescher's own involvement with the history of logic goes back to his work on Leibniz in the 1950's (represented by Chapter 8 of the present book)....

The Rei(g)n of Rule is a study of rules and their role in language. Rules have dominated the philosophical arena as a fundamental philosophical concept. Little progress, however, has been made in reaching an accepted definition of rules. This fact is not coincidental. The concept of rule is expected to perform various, at times conflicting, tasks. Analyzing key debates and rule related discussions in the philosophy of language I show that typically rules are perceived and defined either as norms or as conventions. As norms, rules perform the evaluative task of distinguishing between...

This volume collects papers that were presented at the 34th International Ludwig Wittgenstein Symposium 2011 in Kirchberg am Wechsel, Austria. They focus on five key debates in contemporary epistemology: Does the term "to know" vary its meaning according to features of the contexts in which it is uttered? What role may "epistemic virtues" play in our cognitive activities? What is the surplus value of having knowledge instead of mere true belief? What is the structure and significance of testimonial knowledge and belief? And when is disagreement rational, especially if it occurs among...

Representational systems such as language, mind and perhaps even the brain exhibit a structure that is often assumed to be compositional. That is, the semantic value of a complex representation is determined by the semantic value of their parts and the way they are put together. Dating back to the late 19th century, the principle of compositionality has regained wide attention recently. Since the principle has been dealt with very differently across disciplines, the aim of the two volumes is to bring together the diverging approaches. They assemble a collection of original papers that...

The book discusses contemporary metaphysics of science and deals with the central question which ontology fits best with our knowledge of the world. Two competing positions in today's metaphysics of science are analysed: Humeanism and dispositionalism. There are physical and metaphysical arguments to show that orthodox Humeanism is in trouble. The unorthodox metaphysical turn consists in taking the fundamental properties to be relations rather than intrinsic properties. The book spells out in detail what an unorthodox version of Humeanism amounts to and shows that in turning unorthodox...

This book is conceived as an introductory text into the theory of syntactic and semantic information, and information flow. Syntactic information theory is concerned with the information contained in the very fact that some signal has a non-random structure. Semantic information theory is concerned with the meaning or information content of messages and the like. The theory of information flow is concerned with deriving some piece of information from another. The main part will take us to situation semantics as a foundation of modern approaches in information theory. We give a brief...

Der Essay zur Natur der Sprache entwickelt eine neue und unvoreingenommene Sicht auf Sprache, die die wichtigsten Sprachbegriffe zunachst dekonstruiert, um daraufhin nach moglichen Rekonstruktionen zu suchen. Dabei werden nicht nur die aktuellen Diskurse der Bewusstseinsphilosophie, Sprachphilosophie und Allgemeinen Sprachwissenschaft, sondern auch der evolutionaren Anthropologie und Kognitionspsychologie neu bewertet und zusammengefuhrt. Denn den einen Sprachbegriff gibt es nicht und ihn stets schon vorauszusetzen, wenn wir uber Sprache diskutieren, bedeutet, bei der Suche nach der...

John R. Searle is one of the world's leading philosophers. During his long and outstanding career, he has made groundbreaking and lasting contributions to the philosophy of language, to the philosophy of mind, as well as to the nature, structure, and functioning of social reality.

This volume documents the 13th Munster Lectures on Philosophy with John R. Searle. It includes not only 11 critical papers on Searle's philosophy and Searle's replies to the papers, but also an original article by John R. Searle on his overall philosophical enterprise entitled "The Basic Reality and...

Peri hermeneias wird in dem jetzt in dritter Auflage erscheinenden vorliegenden Band durch eine neue deutsche Ubersetzung und einen ausfuhrlichen Kommentar dem Verstandnis des heutigen Lesers erschlossen. Die Neuauflage ist das Ergebnis einer grundlichen Uberarbeitung der vorangehenden Auflage, der gegenuber sie sowohl, was die Ubersetzung betrifft, als auch, was den Kommentar anbelangt, zahlreiche Anderungen und
Verbesserungen aufweist.

The word belief is widely assumed to designate a special class of mental states, the attitude of representing something as being the case. This book providesa critique of representationalism by focusing on the role that psychological concepts play in language, the way in which they are used in practice. Offering an alternative conception of their meaning, it finds a new way to deal with Moore s Paradox.

Church's Thesis (CT) was first published by Alonzo Church in 1935. CT is a proposition that identifies two notions: an intuitive notion of a effectively computable function defined in natural numbers with the notion of a recursive function. Despite of the many efforts of prominent scientists, Church's Thesis has never been falsified. There exists a vast literature concerning the thesis. The aim of the book is to provide one volume summary of the state of research on Church's Thesis. These include the following: different formulations of CT, CT and intuitionism, CT and intensional...

Das Buch vermittelt die Grundlagen der Aussagen- und erweiterten Pradikatenlogik in 12 Lektionen. Neben Techniken zum Uberprufen der Schlussigkeit von Argumenten bilden die Kunst des Formalisierens wissenschaftlicher Argumente und metalogische Fragen den Inhalt des Buches. Das Buch eignet sich in Verbindung mit begleitenden interaktiven Ubungseinheiten und Klausuren, die uber Internet zuganglich sind, sowohl zum Selbststudium als auch fur Einfuhrungskurse in die Logik. Die zweite uberarbeitete Auflage erscheint in einem groeren und besser lesbaren Format.

Auf der Suche nach objektiver Wahrheit wurde in den Wissenschaften das Prinzip der Relationalitat popular: Gegenstandsbereiche gleich welcher Art werden als reine Beziehungsgeflechte beschrieben, nach dem Vorbild der Mathematik (diese Notwendigkeit entstand nicht zuletzt durch die Relativitatstheorie). Um Reales theoretisch zu erfassen, etwa um Dinge zahlen zu konnen, braucht man ein Identitatsprinzip fur Gegenstande. Das formal beste und einzig universelle ist die Identitat der Ununterscheidbaren. In Verbindung mit dem modernen Strukturalismus fuhrt dies aber zum geisterhaften...