Kategoria BISAC: Philosophy >> Movements - Rationalism

In his magnum opus, David Hume asserts that a person is nothing but a bundle or collection of different perceptions, which succeed each other with an inconceivable rapidity, and are in a perpetual flux and movement. (Treatise 252) Hume is clearly proud of his bold thesis, as is borne out by his categorical arguments and analyses on the self. Contributions like this will, in his opinion, help establish a new science of human nature, which will not be inferior in certainty, and will be much superior in utility to any other of human comprehension. (Treatise xix) Unfortunately for Hume, the...

Zwischen skeptischer Hoffnungslosigkeit und dogmatischem Trotz dieses Diktum Kants gibt die kritischen Intentionen der kantischen Geschichtsphilosophie wie auch seiner Religionsphilosophie knapp und pragnant wieder. Der vorliegende Band legt Ansatze zu einem kritischen Geschichtsdenken bei Kant sowie das darin leitende, gegenlaufige Vernunftinteresse frei und untersucht Kants Idee einer authentischen Theodizee .

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There are many who believe Moses parted the Red Sea and Jesus came back from the dead. Others are certain that exorcisms occur, ghosts haunt attics, and the blessed can cure the terminally ill. Though miracles are immensely improbable, people have embraced them for millennia, seeing in them proof of a supernatural world that resists scientific explanation.

Helping us to think more critically about our belief in the improbable, The Miracle Myth casts a skeptical eye on attempts to justify belief in the supernatural, laying bare the fallacies that such attempts commit. Through...

The third volume of Leibniz s philosophical letters documents the critical period when he first disclosed his philosophical system to the general public. This took place in two papers published around 1695, the Specimen dynamicum and the Systeme nouveau, whose basic theses were a subject of discussion in multiple letters (including Leibniz s correspondence with de Volder and Wagner).

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Leibniz hat sein Projekt einer Scientia generalis, die das gesamte Wissen seiner Zeit in einer Enzyklopadie komprimieren sollte, vor seinen Zeitgenossen geheim gehalten. Bei einzelnen Briefpartnern versuchte er, Verstandnis fur die Thesen seiner Metaphysik zu finden, ohne zu viel davon preiszugeben. Heinrich Schepers lotet in seinen Beitragen Leibniz wahre Metaphysik aus.

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Eduard von Hartmann: Philosophie des Unbewuten

Edition Holzinger. Groformat, 178 x 254 mm

Berliner Ausgabe, 2017, 4. Auflage

• Erstdruck: Berlin 1869. Der Text folgt der zehnten erweiterten Auflage, Leipzig (Wilhelm Friedrich) 1890, die auer den beiden wiedergegebenen Teilen der Philosophie des Unbewuten noch einen Erganzungsband mit Schriften umfate, die der Autor bereits an anderer Stelle veroffentlicht hatte.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

• Philosophie des Unbewuten
• Vorwort zur zehnten Auflage
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Cognitive science has posed some radical challenges to philosophy in recent years, particularly in the study of the cognitive activities and capacities of individuals. Many philosophers have taken up the challenge, and one result has been the emergence of a radical new wave of relativism, one that assaults the credibility of rationalist views. In this book Nenad Mis c evic defends naturalistic rationalism against these recent relativist attacks.

The book begins with an excellent introduction to cognitive science, and goes on to create a searching defence of human rationality and of...

In tenth-century Baghdad, the Mu'tazila theologians believed good and evil could be distinguished through human reason, while in the Indian subcontinent in the sixteenth century, rationalism served to express both the connections and boundaries of Islam in a sphere of religious pluralism. Universality in Islamic Thought discusses specific applications of rationalism in Islamic thought - from the Mu'tazila of Iraq and the Hanafi school of Islamic Law to the Chishti mystics of Mughal India - to explore the boundaries, morality and utility of the universalist principle as conceived by Islamic...

Our contemporary world presents a seemingly inexplicable paradox. It is a world where interaction among societies of different cultural traditions has never been easier. A world in which modern technology has visibly overcome the physical barriers that had long condemned the majority of men to relative isolation from one another. Yet, our world is also one in which the illusion of a lost "original" cultural or religious identity, grounded by a metaphysical absolute, pits men against one another. A physically more accessible world has thus become an increasingly fundamentalist one. In this...

Martin Jay tackles a question as old as Plato and still pressing today: what is reason, and what roles does and should it have in human endeavor? Applying the tools of intellectual history, he examines the overlapping, but not fully compatible, meanings that have accrued to the term "reason" over two millennia, homing in on moments of crisis, critique, and defense of reason.

After surveying Western ideas of reason from the ancient Greeks through Kant, Hegel, and Marx, Jay engages at length with the ways leading theorists of the Frankfurt School--Horkheimer, Marcuse, Adorno, and most...

Philosophical Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology explains how the topic of evolutionary psychology has developed from the contributions of philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Rene Descartes.

The Ethics - Ethica Ordine Geometrico Demonstrata - by Benedict de Spinoza - Translated from the Latin by R. H. M. Elwes. Ethics, Demonstrated in Geometrical Order (Latin: Ethica, ordine geometrico demonstrata), usually known as the Ethics, is a philosophical treatise written by Benedict de Spinoza. It was first published in 1677. The book is perhaps the most ambitious attempt to apply the method of Euclid in philosophy. Spinoza puts forward a small number of definitions and axioms from which he attempts to derive hundreds of propositions and corollaries, such as "When the Mind imagines its...

In this unique study, Michael Y. Bennett re-reads four influential modern plays alongside their contemporary debates between rationalism and empiricism to show how these monumental achievements were thoroughly a product of their time, but also universal in their epistemological quest to understand the world through a rational and/or empirical model. Bennett contends that these plays directly engage in their contemporary epistemological debates rather than through the lens of a specific philosophy. Besides producing new, insightful readings of heavily-studied plays, the interdisciplinary...

Max Weber and Charles Peirce: At the Crossroads of Science, Philosophy, and Culture shows that a relational conception of science is implicit in Max Weber s reflections on scientific inquiry as a bridge between the Geisteswissenschaften (soft sciences) and Naturwissenschaften (hard sciences). Because he is not a trained philosopher, Weber does not have the precise philosophical language in which to articulate his ideas clearly. Consequently, his relational vision of science remains obscure. Basit Bilal Koshul brings clarity and precision to Weber s insights using the pragmaticist philosophy...

Martin Jay tackles a question as old as Plato and still pressing today: what is reason, and what roles does and should it have in human endeavor? Applying the tools of intellectual history, he examines the overlapping, but not fully compatible, meanings that have accrued to the term "reason" over two millennia, homing in on moments of crisis, critique, and defense of reason.

After surveying Western ideas of reason from the ancient Greeks through Kant, Hegel, and Marx, Jay engages at length with the ways leading theorists of the Frankfurt School--Horkheimer, Marcuse, Adorno, and most...

"If it is beyond your power to control, let it go." "Do not wish that all things will go well with you, but that you will go well with all things." "In this way, you will overcome life's challenges, rather than be overcome by them." Epictetus (c. AD 50-135) was a former Roman slave who became a great teacher, deeply influencing the future emperor Marcus Aurelius among many others. His philosophy, Stoicism, was practical, not theoretical--aimed at relieving human suffering here and now. Epictetus knew suffering--besides being enslaved, he was lame in one leg and walked with a crutch. The...

Until recently, Baruch Spinoza's standing in Anglophone studies of philosophy has only seemed to confirm Heinrich Jacobi's assessment of him as <"a dead dog.>" However, an exuberant outburst of scholarship on Spinoza has of late come to dominate work on early modern philosophy. While the 26 essays in this volume - by many of the world's leading Spinoza specialists - grapple directly with Spinoza's most important arguments, these essays also seek to identifyand explain Spinoza's debts to previous philosophy, his influence on later philosophers, and his significance for contemporary...

Philosophical Foundations of Evolutionary Psychology explains how the topic of evolutionary psychology has developed from the contributions of philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Rene Descartes.