Kategoria BISAC: Mathematics >> Logic

This new edition presents the essential topics in probability and statistics from a rigorous standpoint. Any discipline involving randomness, including medicine, engineering, and any area of scientific research, must have a way of analyzing or even predicting the outcomes of an experiment. The authors focus on the tools for doing so in a thorough, yet introductory way.  After providing an overview of the basics of probability, the authors cover essential topics such as confidence intervals, hypothesis testing, and linear regression. These subjects are presented in a one semester...

While most texts on real analysis are content to assume the real numbers, or to treat them only briefly, this text makes a serious study of the real number system and the issues it brings to light. Analysis needs the real numbers to model the line, and to support the concepts of continuity and measure. But these seemingly simple requirements lead to deep issues of set theory-uncountability, the axiom of choice, and large cardinals. In fact, virtually all the concepts of infinite set theory are needed for a proper understanding of the real numbers, and hence of analysis itself.

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This open access book constitutes the proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures, FOSSACS 2022, which was held during April 4-6, 2022, in Munich, Germany, as part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2022.

The 23 regular papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 77 submissions. They deal with research on theories and methods to support the analysis, integration, synthesis, transformation, and verification of programs and software...

This book is a unified treatment of the most important core developments in the theory of completely regular semigroup theory as it stands today. This volume focuses on the lattice of varieties of completely regular semigroups. Since any in-depth study of the lattice of varieties requires an understanding of free completely regular semigroups, the book begins by describing the free object on countably infinite sets and the properties of the lattice of fully invariant congruences on the free object. The authors introduce various associated relations and...