• Wyszukiwanie zaawansowane
  • Kategorie
  • Kategorie BISAC
  • Książki na zamówienie
  • Promocje
  • Granty
  • Książka na prezent
  • Opinie
  • Pomoc
  • Załóż konto
  • Zaloguj się

 » książki  » Computers - Computer Science

zaloguj się | załóż konto
Logo Krainaksiazek.pl

koszyk

konto

szukaj
topmenu
Księgarnia internetowa
Szukaj
Książki na zamówienie
Promocje
Granty
Książka na prezent
Moje konto
Pomoc
 
 
Wyszukiwanie zaawansowane
Pusty koszyk
Bezpłatna dostawa dla zamówień powyżej 40 złBezpłatna dostawa dla zamówień powyżej 40 zł

Kategorie główne

• Nauka
 [3084821]
• Literatura piękna
 [1818531]

  więcej...
• Turystyka
 [52640]
• Informatyka
 [156433]
• Komiksy
 [36751]
• Encyklopedie
 [23178]
• Dziecięca
 [613236]
• Hobby
 [105326]
• AudioBooki
 [1727]
• Literatura faktu
 [194989]
• Muzyka CD
 [350]
• Słowniki
 [3001]
• Inne
 [441634]
• Kalendarze
 [606]
• Podręczniki
 [166391]
• Poradniki
 [423402]
• Religia
 [510371]
• Czasopisma
 [517]
• Sport
 [61219]
• Sztuka
 [248722]
• CD, DVD, Video
 [3436]
• Technologie
 [230487]
• Zdrowie
 [98718]
• Książkowe Klimaty
 [124]
• Zabawki
 [2526]
• Puzzle, gry
 [3722]
• Literatura w języku ukraińskim
 [258]
• Art. papiernicze i szkolne
 [7792]
Kategorie szczegółowe BISAC

Kategoria BISAC: Computers >> Computer Science

ilość książek w kategorii: 19078

Wyświetl książki:
Dostępne języki:
Cena:
od:
do:
ilość na stronie:


At Home with Computers Elaine Lally 9781859735619 Berg Publishers
At Home with Computers

ISBN: 9781859735619 / Angielski / Miękka / 256 str.

ISBN: 9781859735619/Angielski/Miękka/256 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Elaine Lally

New technologies are profoundly reshaping the world around us. Home computers - unheard of two decades ago - now play an intimate role as personal possessions in many people's lives. For some, computer games may be vital to winding-down after a busy day, while for others the home computer represents only work or is a means through which to socialize in cyberspace. Powerfully symbolic of both future and present trends, computers are increasingly seen as essential home purchases. This book is the first sustained examination of the revealing role computers play in our domestic lives. Do...

New technologies are profoundly reshaping the world around us. Home computers - unheard of two decades ago - now play an intimate role as personal ...

cena: 192,91

Diamonds Are Forever, Computers Are Not: Economic and Strategic Management in Computing Markets Greenstein, Shane 9781860944512 Imperial College Press
Diamonds Are Forever, Computers Are Not: Economic and Strategic Management in Computing Markets

ISBN: 9781860944512 / Angielski / Twarda / 312 str.

ISBN: 9781860944512/Angielski/Twarda/312 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Shane Greenstein; Shane M. Greenstein
This is a collection of 43 essays about the economics and management of information technology markets. The first part of the book focuses on events, notable birth dates and longstanding trends. The unifying theme revolves around the role of human economic behavior in the face of uncertainty and confusion. The contributors' intent is to explain, educate and entertain — to go beyond the obvious.The next part contains writing about the Internet. It discusses the development of the online commercial world, and analyzes the macroeconomic side of the investment boom and bust related to...
This is a collection of 43 essays about the economics and management of information technology markets. The first part of the book focuses on events, ...
cena: 470,02

Selected Papers on Computer Science Donald Ervin Knuth 9781881526919 Center for the Study of Language and Informat
Selected Papers on Computer Science

ISBN: 9781881526919 / Angielski / Miękka / 276 str.

ISBN: 9781881526919/Angielski/Miękka/276 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Donald Ervin Knuth
This anthology of essays from the inventor of literate programming is a survey of Donald Knuth's papers on computer science. Donald Knuth's influence in computer science ranges from the invention of literate programming to the development of the TeX programming language. One of the foremost figures in the field of mathematical sciences, his papers are widely referenced and stand as milestones of development over a wide range of topics. This collection focuses on Professor Knuth's published science papers that serve as accessible surveys of their subject matter. It includes articles on the...
This anthology of essays from the inventor of literate programming is a survey of Donald Knuth's papers on computer science. Donald Knuth's influence ...
cena: 117,18

Learn PROLOG Now! Blackburn, P. 9781904987178 College Publications
Learn PROLOG Now!

ISBN: 9781904987178 / Angielski / Miękka / 284 str.

ISBN: 9781904987178/Angielski/Miękka/284 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
P. Blackburn; J. Bos; K. Striegnitz
Prolog is a programming language, but a rather unusual one. ``Prolog is short
for ``Programming with Logic, and the link with logic gives Prolog its
special character. At the heart of Prolog lies a surprising idea: dont tell
the computer what to do. Instead, describe situations of interest, and compute
by asking questions. Prolog will logically deduce new facts about the
situations and give its deductions back to us as answers.

Why learn Prolog? For a start, its ``say what the problem is, rather than how
to solve it stance, means that it is a very high level language, good for
knowledge...
Prolog is a programming language, but a rather unusual one. ``Prolog is short
for ``Programming with Logic, and the link with logic gives Prolog i...
cena: 136,71

Advances in Modal Logic, Volume 5 Schmidt, R. 9781904987222 King's College Publications
Advances in Modal Logic, Volume 5

ISBN: 9781904987222 / Angielski / Miękka / 404 str.

ISBN: 9781904987222/Angielski/Miękka/404 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
R. Schmidt; I. Pratt-Hartmann; M. Reynolds
Modal logic is one of the most widely applied logical formalisms. Systems of modal logic are being used in many disciplines, ranging from artificial intelligence, computer science, mathematics, formal grammar and semantics to philosophy. This volume presents substantial recent advances in the relational and the algorithmic treatment of modal logics. It contains papers from the fifth conference on "Advances in Modal logic," held in Manchester (UK) in September 2004. Written by leading experts in the field, the present book is indispensable for any advanced student and researcher in pure and...
Modal logic is one of the most widely applied logical formalisms. Systems of modal logic are being used in many disciplines, ranging from artificial i...
cena: 163,17

Computing, Philosophy and Cognition L. Magnani R. Dossena 9781904987246 College Publications
Computing, Philosophy and Cognition

ISBN: 9781904987246 / Angielski / Miękka / 444 str.

ISBN: 9781904987246/Angielski/Miękka/444 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
L. Magnani; R. Dossena
This volume is a collection of papers that explore various areas of common interest between philosophy, computing, and cognition. The book illustrates the rich intrigue of this fascinating recent intellectual story. It begins by providing a new analysis of the ideas related to computer ethics, such as the role in information technology of the so-called moral mediators, the relationship between intelligent machines and warfare, and the new opportunities offered by telepresnece, for example in teaching and learning. The book also ties together the concerns of epistemology and logic, showing,...
This volume is a collection of papers that explore various areas of common interest between philosophy, computing, and cognition. The book illustrates...
cena: 163,17

Foundations of the Formal Sciences: The History of the Concept of the Formal Sciences: v. 4 Benedikt Lowe, Volker Peckhaus, Thoralf Rasch 9781904987291 College Publications
Foundations of the Formal Sciences: The History of the Concept of the Formal Sciences: v. 4

ISBN: 9781904987291 / Angielski / Miękka / 300 str.

ISBN: 9781904987291/Angielski/Miękka/300 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Benedikt Lowe;Volker Peckhaus;Thoralf Rasch
This volume takes a reflective position with respect to the conference
series "Foundations of the Formal Sciences" (FotFS) and asks:
* What are the Formal Sciences?
* Can we develop a theoretical classification of the sciences that
juxtaposes the formal sciences to the natural sciences, social sciences,
and humanities? Can we do this solely by identifying common methodological
features?
* Can we identify changes of the notion of formal sciences over time?
How were the areas that we now conceived as the "Foundations of the Formal
Sciences" classified throughout history?

Investigating the...
This volume takes a reflective position with respect to the conference
series "Foundations of the Formal Sciences" (FotFS) and asks:
* What ar...
cena: 163,17

Prolog, Tout De Suite! Patrick Blackburn, Johan Bos, Kristina Streignitz 9781904987529 College Publications
Prolog, Tout De Suite!

ISBN: 9781904987529 / Francuski / Miękka / 308 str.

ISBN: 9781904987529/Francuski/Miękka/308 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Patrick Blackburn;Johan Bos;Kristina Streignitz
Prolog est un langage de programmation tout a fait original. -Prolog- est l'abreviation de -Programmation logique-, et le lien qu'il entretient avec la logique est ce qui lui donne sa specificite. Au coeur de Prolog, reside une idee surprenante: ne pas dire a l'ordinateur ce qu'il doit faire, mais lui decrire des situations, et lui faire faire des calculs en lui posant des questions. Prolog deduira alors logiquement de nouveaux faits concernant les situations, et donnera en reponse ses deductions. Pourquoi apprendre Prolog ? Tout d'abord, l'aspect -dis-moi quel est ton probleme au lieu de me...
Prolog est un langage de programmation tout a fait original. -Prolog- est l'abreviation de -Programmation logique-, et le lien qu'il entretient avec l...
cena: 97,02

Cases on Global It Applications and Management: Successes and Pitfalls Tan, Felix 9781930708167 IGI Global
Cases on Global It Applications and Management: Successes and Pitfalls

ISBN: 9781930708167 / Angielski / Twarda / 322 str.

ISBN: 9781930708167/Angielski/Twarda/322 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Felix B. Tan
As organizations prepare to compete globally in the new millennium, the effective deployment and exploitation of IT will create the difference between those that are successful and those that are not. What lessons are there to be learned from organizations that run global IT operations and deploy IT in support of their global business operations? What lessons are there to be learned in the development, implementation, use and management of IT from organizations operating in countries other than their own? This work covers these aspects of global IT applications and should be useful to...
As organizations prepare to compete globally in the new millennium, the effective deployment and exploitation of IT will create the difference between...
cena: 390,60

Managing the Human Side of Information Technology : Challenges and Solutions Edward J. Szewczak Coral R. Snodgrass 9781930708327 IGI Global
Managing the Human Side of Information Technology : Challenges and Solutions

ISBN: 9781930708327 / Angielski / Twarda

ISBN: 9781930708327/Angielski/Twarda

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Edward J. Szewczak; Coral R. Snodgrass
As the field of information technology continues to grow and impact the personnel and management of organizations, changes have occurred in the way that such people contribute and participate in effective business operations. Managing the Human Side of Information Technology: Challenges and Solutions addresses how to effectively manage the ways in which information technology impacts both human and organizational behavior.
As the field of information technology continues to grow and impact the personnel and management of organizations, changes have occurred in the way th...
cena: 463,51

Einführung in Die Stochastik: Mit Elementen Der Bayes-Statistik Und Der Analyse Unscharfer Information Viertl, R. K. W. 9783211008379 Springer
Einführung in Die Stochastik: Mit Elementen Der Bayes-Statistik Und Der Analyse Unscharfer Information

ISBN: 9783211008379 / Niemiecki / Miękka / 248 str.

ISBN: 9783211008379/Niemiecki/Miękka/248 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Reinhard K. W. Viertl; R. K. W. Viertl
in die Stochastik Mit Elementen der Bayes-Statistik und der Analyse unscharfer Information Dritte, uberarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage Springers Lehrbucher der Informatik Springer-Verlag Wien GmbH o. Univ.-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techno Reinhard Kar Wolfgang Viertl Institut fur Statistik und Wahrscheinlichkeitstheorie Technische Universitat Wien, Osterreich Das Werk ist urheberrechtlich geschutzt. Die dadurch begrundeten Rechte, insbesondere die der Ubersetzung des Nachdruckes, der Entnahme von Abbildungen, der Funksendung, der Wiedergabe auf photomechani schem oder ahnlichem Wege und der...
in die Stochastik Mit Elementen der Bayes-Statistik und der Analyse unscharfer Information Dritte, uberarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage Springers Lehr...
cena: 141,29

Geometric Modelling: Dagstuhl 2002 Hahmann, S. 9783211208182 Springer
Geometric Modelling: Dagstuhl 2002

ISBN: 9783211208182 / Angielski / Miękka / 248 str.

ISBN: 9783211208182/Angielski/Miękka/248 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: 22 dni roboczych
Stefanie Hahmann; Guido Brunnett; Gerald Farian
In 19 articles presented by leading experts in the field of geometric modelling the state-of-the-art on representing, modeling, and analyzing curves, surfaces as well as other 3-dimensional geometry is given. The range of applications include CAD/CAM-systems, computer graphics, scientific visualization, virtual reality, simulation and medical imaging. The content of this book is based on selected lectures given at a workshop held at IBFI Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany. Topics treated are: curve and surface modelling non-manifold modelling in CAD multiresolution analysis of complex geometric models...
In 19 articles presented by leading experts in the field of geometric modelling the state-of-the-art on representing, modeling, and analyzing curves, ...
492,73
344,91

Elimination Methods Dongming Wang D. Wang 9783211832417 Springer
Elimination Methods

ISBN: 9783211832417 / Angielski / Miękka / 244 str.

ISBN: 9783211832417/Angielski/Miękka/244 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Dongming Wang; D. Wang
The development of polynomial-elimination techniques from classical theory to modern algorithms has undergone a tortuous and rugged path. This can be observed L. van der Waerden's elimination of the "elimination theory" chapter from from B. his classic Modern Algebra in later editions, A. Weil's hope to eliminate "from algebraic geometry the last traces of elimination theory," and S. Abhyankar's sug gestion to "eliminate the eliminators of elimination theory. " The renaissance and recognition of polynomial elimination owe much to the advent and advance of mod ern computing technology, based...
The development of polynomial-elimination techniques from classical theory to modern algorithms has undergone a tortuous and rugged path. This can be ...
cena: 409,14

Computer Animation and Simulation '98: Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop in Lisbon, Portugal, August 31 - September 1, 1998 Arnaldi, Bruno 9783211832578 Springer
Computer Animation and Simulation '98: Proceedings of the Eurographics Workshop in Lisbon, Portugal, August 31 - September 1, 1998

ISBN: 9783211832578 / Angielski / Miękka / 126 str.

ISBN: 9783211832578/Angielski/Miękka/126 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
B. Arnaldi; G. Hegron; W. Purgathofer
The 9th Eurographics workshop on Animation and Simulation was held on Au gust 31st -September 1st, 1998, at INESC Lisbon. The workshop was chaired by Bruno Arnaldi (IRISA Rennes, France) and Gerard Hegron (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, France). The local organizer Mario Rui Gomes (INESC Lisbon, Por tugal) notably contributed to provide a harmonious environment. The main theme of this seventh workshop was centered on Virtual Reality versus Anima tion and Simulation: from real time animation/simulation to physical perception of virtual environments. About twenty participants attended the workshop,...
The 9th Eurographics workshop on Animation and Simulation was held on Au gust 31st -September 1st, 1998, at INESC Lisbon. The workshop was chaired by ...
cena: 204,55

Algorithms and Computation: 13th International Symposium, Isaac 2002 Vancouver, Bc, Canada, November 21-23, 2002, Proceedings Bose, Prosenjit K. 9783540001423 Springer
Algorithms and Computation: 13th International Symposium, Isaac 2002 Vancouver, Bc, Canada, November 21-23, 2002, Proceedings

ISBN: 9783540001423 / Angielski / Miękka / 662 str.

ISBN: 9783540001423/Angielski/Miękka/662 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
P. Bose; P. Morin; Prosenjit Bose
This volume contains the papers selected for presentation at the Thirteenth - nual International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2002) tobeheldinVancouver, CanadaonNovember21-23,2002.Thisisthe?rsttime thatISAAChasventuredintoNorthAmerica, asitistraditionallyheldinthe Asia-Paci?c region. ISAAC is an annual international symposium that covers the very broad areas of algorithms and computing in general. The scope of this symposium - cludes both theoretical and applied research from these ?elds. The main aim of the symposium is to promote the exchange of ideas in this active...
This volume contains the papers selected for presentation at the Thirteenth - nual International Symposium on Algorithms and Computation (ISAAC 2002) ...
cena: 204,55

Sofsem 2002: Theory and Practice of Informatics: 29th Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Informatics, Milovy, Czech Republic, Nove Grosky, William I. 9783540001454 Springer
Sofsem 2002: Theory and Practice of Informatics: 29th Conference on Current Trends in Theory and Practice of Informatics, Milovy, Czech Republic, Nove

ISBN: 9783540001454 / Angielski / Miękka / 294 str.

ISBN: 9783540001454/Angielski/Miękka/294 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
William I. Grosky; W. I. Grosky; F. Plasil
Forthe29thtime, SOFSEM(SOFtwareSEMinar)washeld.Havingtransformed over the years from a local event to a fully international conference, the c- temporary SOFSEM is a mix of a winter school and a conference striving for multidisciplinarity in computer science, accompaniedby workshops dedicated to a narrow ?eld (this year multimedia and softcomputing) and a student forum. This volume constitutes the proceedings of SOFSEM 2002 held in Milovy, Czech Republic, November 22-29, 2002. This year, 23 papers were submitted from 11 countries. The selection of the 11 best papers accepted by the Program...
Forthe29thtime, SOFSEM(SOFtwareSEMinar)washeld.Havingtransformed over the years from a local event to a fully international conference, the c- tempora...
cena: 204,55

Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects: Second International Workshop, Amdo 2002, Palma de Mallorca, Spain, November 21-23, 2002, Proceedings Perales, Francisco J. 9783540001492 Springer
Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects: Second International Workshop, Amdo 2002, Palma de Mallorca, Spain, November 21-23, 2002, Proceedings

ISBN: 9783540001492 / Angielski / Miękka / 262 str.

ISBN: 9783540001492/Angielski/Miękka/262 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Gerard G. Emch; F. J. Perales; E. R. Hancock
The AMDO 2002 workshop took place at the Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB) on 21-23 November, 2002, sponsored by the International Association for Pattern Recognition (IAPR), AERFAI (Spanish Association for Pattern Rec- nition and Image Analysis), the CICYT (Comision Interministerial de Ciencia y Tecnologia, Spanish Government), the European Commission (Human Potential Programme: High Level Scienti?c Conferences), and the Mathematics and C- puter Science Department of the UIB. In addition, Egse (Eurographics Spanish Chapter)helpedwithdisseminationandpromotion. Thesubjectoftheworkshop...
The AMDO 2002 workshop took place at the Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB) on 21-23 November, 2002, sponsored by the International Association fo...
cena: 204,55

Advances in Computing Science - Asian 2002: Internet Computing and Modeling, Grid Computing, Peer-To-Peer Computing, and Cluster Computing: 7th Asian Alain, Jean-Marie 9783540001959 Springer
Advances in Computing Science - Asian 2002: Internet Computing and Modeling, Grid Computing, Peer-To-Peer Computing, and Cluster Computing: 7th Asian

ISBN: 9783540001959 / Angielski / Miękka / 233 str.

ISBN: 9783540001959/Angielski/Miękka/233 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
A. Jean-Marie
The series of annual Asian Computing Science Conferences (ASIAN) was init- ted in 1995 by AIT, INRIA, and UNU/IIST to provide a forum for researchers in computer science from the Asian region and to promote interaction with - searchers from other regions. The ?rst six conferences were held, respectively, in Bangkok, Singapore, Katmandu, Manila, Phuket, and Penang. The proc- dings have been published in the Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series of Springer-Verlag. This year, the main themes chosen for ASIAN 2002 were: - Internet Computing and Modeling, - Grid, Peer-to-Peer, and Cluster...
The series of annual Asian Computing Science Conferences (ASIAN) was init- ted in 1995 by AIT, INRIA, and UNU/IIST to provide a forum for researchers ...
cena: 204,55

Interactive Systems: Design, Specification, and Verification: 9th International Workshop, Dsv-Is 2002, Rostock Germany, June 12-14, 2002 Urban, Bodo 9783540002666 Springer
Interactive Systems: Design, Specification, and Verification: 9th International Workshop, Dsv-Is 2002, Rostock Germany, June 12-14, 2002

ISBN: 9783540002666 / Angielski / Miękka / 274 str.

ISBN: 9783540002666/Angielski/Miękka/274 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
P. Forbrig; J. Vanderdonckt; B. Urban

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on the Design, Specification, and Verification of Interactive Systems, DSV-IS 2002, held in Rostock, Germany in June 2002.

The 19 revised full papers presented have gone through two rounds of reviewing, selection, and improvement. All aspects of the design, specification, and verification of interactive systems from the human-computer interaction point of view are addressed. Particular emphasis is given to models and their role in supporting the design and development of interactive...

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 9th International Workshop on the Design, Specification, and Verification of...

cena: 204,55

Verification of Reactive Systems: Formal Methods and Algorithms Schneider, Klaus 9783540002963 Springer
Verification of Reactive Systems: Formal Methods and Algorithms

ISBN: 9783540002963 / Angielski / Twarda / 602 str.

ISBN: 9783540002963/Angielski/Twarda/602 str.

Termin realizacji zamówienia: ok. 5-8 dni roboczych.
Klaus Schneider; K. Schneider
Reactive systems are becoming more and more important for essentially all areas of technical and professional activities as well as for many areas of everyday life. The design of these systems is a great challenge and requires sound compromises between safety and time-to-market. To meet these needs, early design phases nowadays include verification of given specifications against system descriptions to find potential design errors as early as possible.

This book is devoted to the foundation of the most popular formal methods for the specification and verification of reactive systems. In...

Reactive systems are becoming more and more important for essentially all areas of technical and professional activities as well as for many areas of ...
cena: 204,55

Pierwsza Podprzednia  13  14  15  Następna Ostatnia

Facebook - konto krainaksiazek.pl



Opinie o Krainaksiazek.pl na Opineo.pl

Partner Mybenefit

Krainaksiazek.pl w programie rzetelna firma Krainaksiaze.pl - płatności przez paypal

Czytaj nas na:

Facebook - krainaksiazek.pl
  • książki na zamówienie
  • granty
  • książka na prezent
  • kontakt
  • pomoc
  • opinie
  • regulamin
  • polityka prywatności

Zobacz:

  • Księgarnia czeska

  • Wydawnictwo Książkowe Klimaty

1997-2026 DolnySlask.com Agencja Internetowa

© 1997-2022 krainaksiazek.pl
     
KONTAKT | REGULAMIN | POLITYKA PRYWATNOŚCI | USTAWIENIA PRYWATNOŚCI
Zobacz: Księgarnia Czeska | Wydawnictwo Książkowe Klimaty | Mapa strony | Lista autorów
KrainaKsiazek.PL - Księgarnia Internetowa
Polityka prywatnosci - link
Krainaksiazek.pl - płatnośc Przelewy24
Przechowalnia Przechowalnia