Digital technologies are reshaping every field of social and economic lives, so do they in the world of scientific knowledge. -The New Challenges of Knowledge- aims at understanding how the new digital technologies alter the production, diffusion and valorization of knowledge. We propose to give an insight into the economical, geopolitical and political stakes of numeric in knowledge in different countries. Law is at the center of this evolution, especially in the case of national and international confusion about Internet, Science and knowledge.