This book provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in optical modulator science and technology. It covers fundamental topics such as the electro-optic effect in nonlinear optic crystals and semiconductors. It addresses the optical and electro-optic properties of relevant materials, including traditional single crystalline lithium niobate, silicon, and III-V compound semiconductors, as well as emerging materials such as electrooptic polymers and organic nonlinear optic crystals. For each type of modulator, the author discusses the factors important to modulator performance,...