The general characteristics of neuropeptides are discussed as a background for the understanding of their role in regulation of physiological systems. The extent of those systems that are crucially affected by neuropeptides is vast and the complexity of their interactions makes the clinical focus on a specific neu- ropeptide unsatisfactory. The clinical potential of neuropeptides affecting eating disorders, eNS behavioral disorders and the neuroregenerative and neuroprotective action of neuropeptides is discussed. It is probable that suc- cessful neuropeptide therapeutics will depend upon the...