In this text, historians and political scientists present a survey of the role and influence of by-elections in British politics since 1918.

The Routledge Companion to Christian History is an indispensable aid for anyone seeking comprehensive coverage of the facts in clear, concise and easy to use language. It covers:

• all key events in the Christian calendar from the persecution of the Roman Empire to the fall of Communism and the rise of Fundamentalism
• the impact of Islam, the Crusades, Monasticism, and the spread of popular religious movements
• cross-cultural coverage; as well as Western Christendom, the Orthodox churches of the East and the 'new' churches of Asia and Africa.

...

The Routledge Companion to Modern European History since 1763 is a compact and highly accessible work of reference covering the broad sweep of events from the last days of the ancient regime to the ending of the Cold War, and from the reshaping of Eastern Europe to the radical expansion of the European Union in 2004.

Within the broad coverage of this outstanding volume, particular attention is given to subjects such as:

• the era of the Enlightened Despots
• the Revolutionary and Napoleonic era in France, and the revolutions of 1848
• nationalism and...

The Routledge Companion to World History since 1914 is an outstanding compendium of facts and figures on World History. Fully up-to-date, reliable and clear, this volume is the indispensable source of information on a thorough range of topics such as:

• the Arab-Israeli conflict
• anti-semitism and the Holocaust
• all the world's major famines and natural disasters since 1914
• whether all countries of the world have a king, president, prime minister or other governance
• GNP of the world's major states, year by year
• biographies of...

The Routledge Companion to Britain in the Nineteenth Century, 1815-1914 is an accessible and indispensable compendium of essential information on the Victorian and Edwardian eras.

Using chronologies, maps, glossaries, an extensive bibliography, a wealth of statistical information and nearly two hundred biographies of key figures, this clear and concise book provides a comprehensive guide to modern British history from the end of the Napoleonic Wars to the outbreak of the First World War.

As well as the key areas of political, economic and social development of the...

The Routledge Companion to Christian History is an indispensable aid for anyone seeking comprehensive coverage of the facts in clear, concise and easy to use language. It covers:

• all key events in the Christian calendar from the persecution of the Roman Empire to the fall of Communism and the rise of Fundamentalism
• the impact of Islam, the Crusades, Monasticism, and the spread of popular religious movements
• cross-cultural coverage; as well as Western Christendom, the Orthodox churches of the East and the 'new' churches of Asia and Africa.

...

This major new reference work provides an authoritative and wide-ranging guide to archive sources now becoming available for British political history since 1945.

With a user-friendly layout, the book presents a comprehensive range of 1,500 personal papers from leading statesmen, backbench politicians, writers, campaigners, diplomats and generals which cover the key aspects of British history since of the end of the Second World War.

Compiled by an experienced archivist, this comprehensive, easy-to-use and authoritative guide is an invaluable resource for researchers of...