This volume examines the spread and character of Islam in non-Arab countries, focusing particularly on the contemporary situation. It deals with Sufism, which is the predominant form of Islam in non-Arab countries, and the growing significance of Islamism, which challenges secularism and Sufism.

This work presents a practical explanation of how system-level design and implementation choices affect the performance and maintainability of embedded communications software. It outlines the architectural requirements of software for various communications devices, and explains the programming techniques (state tables, upper and lower level interfaces, configuration techniques, buffer and timer management) that enable clean, understandable implementations of complex protocols.

In Muslim Tatar Minorities in the Baltic Sea Region, edited by Ingvar Svanberg and David Westerlund, the contributors introduce the history and contemporary situation of these little known groups of people that for centuries have been part of the religious and ethnic mosaic of this region. The book has a broad and multi-disciplinary scope and covers the early settlements in Lithuania and Poland, the later immigrations to Saint Petersburg, Finland, Estonia and Latvia, as well as the most recent establishments in Sweden and Germany. The authors, who hail from and are specialists on these...

The increasing significance and visibility of relationships between religion and public arenas and institutions following the fall of communism in Europe provide the core focus of this fascinating book. Leading international scholars consider the religious and political role of Christian Orthodoxy in the Russian Federation, Romania, Georgia and Ukraine alongside the revival of old, indigenous religions, often referred to as 'shamanistic' and look at how, despite Islam's long history and many adherents in the south, Islamophobic attitudes have increasingly been added to traditional...