The Mughal emperor Humayun (1508 56) ruled over parts of modern-day India, Afghanistan and Pakistan during his eventful reign. He came to the throne at the age of twenty-two in 1530 and thereafter faced a series of challenges to his control. Throughout this time he was served by his water-bearer, Jauhar, who later wrote these memoirs of his master and his campaigns. This translation from Persian to English was first published in 1832 by Charles Stewart (1764 1837), who had been a professor of oriental languages at the East India College, Haileybury. Jauhar gives a valuable eyewitness...

After a military career with the East India Company, Charles Stewart (1764 1837) focused his attention on the study of oriental languages. Following his return to England in 1806, he assumed the professorship of Arabic, Persian and Hindustani at the East India College in Hertfordshire. His scholarly achievements include an 1809 catalogue of the library of Tipu Sultan of Mysore, and this work, published in 1813, which formed the first serious study in English of the history of Bengal. The book is split into six sections. The first five cover the early Islamic conquests and dynasties from the...

Social scientists have used the term ""Creolization"" to evoke cultural fusion and the emergence of new cultures across the globe. However, the term has been under-theorized and tends to be used as a simple synonym for ""mixture"" or ""hybridity."" In this volume, by contrast, renowned scholars give the term historical and theoretical specificity by examining the very different domains and circumstances in which the process takes place. Elucidating the concept in this way not only uncovers a remarkable history, it also re-opens the term for new theoretical use. It illuminates an...