Warfare is the most dangerous threat faced by modern humanity. It is also one of the key influences that has shaped the politics, economics, and society of modern times. But what do we mean by modern war? What causes modern wars to begin? Why do people fight in them, why do they end, and what have they achieved?
In this accessible and compelling Very Short Introduction, Richard English explores the assumptions we make about modern warfare and considers them against the backdrop of their historical reality.
Drawing on the wide literature available, including direct accounts of the...

Full of rich details drawn from years of original research, this study analyzes the shaping of the past, present, and future of Ireland through the history of Irish nationalism. A full presentation and explanation of why Irish nationalists have believed and acted as they have, why their ideas and strategies have changed over time, and what effect Irish nationalism has had in shaping modern Ireland is included. From the Ulster Plantation to Home Rule, from the Famine of 1847 to the Hunger Strikes of the 1970s, from Parnell to Pearse, from Wolfe Tone to Gerry Adams, from the bitter struggle of...

There is a new and increasing emphasis on the importance of teaching arithmetical skills in primary schools. This text outlines what is meant by arithmetic and enables trainee teachers to build their own confidence in teaching arithmetic. It covers all aspects of arithmetic including recall of number facts and traditional pen and paper methods. Each arithmetical approach is illustrated with detailed examples and readers can access their own learning in each area. Guidance on when and where to use different approaches to enhance children's learning is included and interactive activities...

Can you demonstrate a clear understanding of primary mathematics?
If you are training to be a primary school teacher you need to have, and demonstrate, a clear understanding of primary mathematics. This companion text to the popular Teaching Arithmetic in Primary Schools enables you to audit your knowledge, skills and understanding, making you more aware of the subject and the areas you need to develop further.
It includes:

• self audits on all areas of calculations, supporting trainees to meet the Teachers' Standards
• clear...

Based on extensive research, 'Armed Struggle' offers a detailed history and analysis of the IRA, building historical foundations on which to base an understanding of the modern-day Provisionals.

This collection of essays brings together exciting, fresh work by young scholars working on vital aspects of modern Irish unionism. Its range is broad, taking in much material (literary, political, cultural, intellectual) which has previously been ignored. Using new and extensive sources, the contributors examine important features of modern unionism and do so in ways which challenge much previous thinking about the subject. The book will be of value to scholars working on any aspect of modern Ireland, and also to students and to a wider public with an interest in Irish history, politics,...