Using the method of critical intertextual research, this book demonstrates that Deuteronomy (written c. 500 BC) is an Israelite sequential hypertextual reworking of Ezekiel, that Genesis and Exodus-Numbers (written c. 400 BC) are Israelite sequential hypertextual reworkings of Deuteronomy, and that Samuel-Kings (written c. 300 BC) is a Judaean sequential hypertextual reworking of Deuteronomy. Consequently, the book disproves the theories of the existence of the so-called sources or traditions of the Pentateuch. The recognition of the fact that the Pentateuch is an Israelite and not a Judaean...

The idea of several healthcare systems to introduce emergency physicians (EPs) results from changes in patient demand and medical labor supply which demand reflection on job structure and skill mix as well as modifications in the workflow and coordination instruments. EPs were designed to meet these needs. But are they indeed able to meet the expectations? First, this study investigates the development of EPs as a profession and their professional role. Therefore, a comparison is conducted between the Netherlands, where EPs are newly emerging, and the UK, where EPs have been employed for...

The aim of the book is to present a collection of studies in the role of humanism in Polish culture from the 15th to the 20th century. Humanism was one important and constitutive element of Polish culture. The present authors discuss following problems: methods of research on humanism, history of the idea of humanism, humanistic anthropology and moral philosophy, relations between humanism and Christianity, classicism, models of culture, communities, and nature in the relations to humanism, philology, and editions of primary sources. This breadth of scholarly approaches makes this volume a...

The things we do with words are reflected in texts and we do things with texts just as we do things with words. This book sets out to explore how texts function in a given discourse community, and how the functions that texts may have in that particular community can be identified and assessed from a diachronic perspective. It systematically distinguishes general discourse functions (e.g. religious instruction) from more specific text functions (e.g. exegesis, exhortation), and outlines co-occurrence patterns of text functions for selected genres. A contrastive view of the evolution of these...

Paired speaking tests are increasingly used in both low- and high-stakes second language assessment contexts. Until recently, very little was known about the way in which raters interpret and apply descriptors relating to interactional competence to a performance that is co-constructed. This book presents a study which explores the interactional features of a paired speaking test that were salient to raters and the extent to which raters viewed the performances as separable. The study shows that raters use their own frames of reference to interpret descriptors and that they viewed certain...

People make contact with the risen, glorified Christ and through him with God and God s saving grace in and through the community of the Church, as it exists now in time and space as the Spirit-filled Body of Christ. This is a central and perpetual truth about the nature and purpose of the Church, emphasized by the Second Vatican Council and propagated by Otto Semmelroth. After nearly two centuries of being at the receiving end of missionary evangelization, the Church in Africa is trying to come to terms with the faith it received from European missionaries. This entails a reappraisal of the...

This volume is the outcome of the Ira Aldridge Symposium, which the British and Commonwealth Studies Department, University of Lodz (Poland), organized to celebrate the bicentennial anniversary of the birth of this great Afro-American Shakespearean actor (1807-1867). The collection provides invaluable insight into Aldridge s contribution to abolitionist debates raging in mid-nineteenth century in the United States and England. Moreover, it discusses his reception among varied audiences in European countries, such as Germany, Poland, Russia and the Austrian Empire. Last but not least, Aldridge...

Intercultural and ethical issues are part of our daily lives. They share characteristics that make them particularly sensitive and sometimes volatile. The challenges that increasing diversity brings into education and schools in general are many as can be seen in this volume, for instance, in the Scandinavian countries, Estonia, United States, Canada, Japan and China. There are conflicting interpretations of multiculturalism and interculturalism. Culture plays a key role in different interpretations: North America is more tuned into hybrid aspects of students identities, while in many...

Nature and Rational Agency is a collection of essays that revolve around a normative approach to rational agency. Thematically, the essays focus on the relationship between self and nature, as well as between subject and co-subjects. On the one hand our knowledge of the world includes knowledge of ourselves and other rational agents as parts of the world. But, on the other hand, our understanding of ourselves as rational agents has a special status in the sense that it is a condition for having scientific knowledge of nature. A key point of this anthology is that a distinctive feature...

One of the major problems encountered in the inclusion of renewable energy in university programmes is the lack of suitable materials and documents which may guide this process. The materials produced as part of the project -Renewable Energy Networks between Turkish and European Universities- (RENET) and this Handbook in particular will therefore be especially useful to university teachers, since it shows some of the ways via which the subject issue of renewable energy may be included in university programmes. The best-practices here documented also serve the purpose of illustrating how the...