Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when consumed, can provide health benefits, generally by improving or restoring the gut flora. As probiotics have become increasingly popular in recent years, it is important for consumers and clinicians to understand the details of the potential health effects of these supplements. Chapter 1 focuses on the relationship between different types of milk, the growth of probiotics, and relevant characteristics regarding viability, the quality of the dairy product, and the production of undesirable components. Chapter 2 summarizes studies on the probiotic...