Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) silently affects a large part of the population, increasing in prevalence with age and with the presence of vascular risk factors. Its harmful effects on brain parenchyma increase the risk of stroke, cognitive decline and dementia, and it is responsible for a spectrum of symptoms that are much less obvious, such as unrecognized mild signs or symptoms of neurocognitive dysfunction, mild mood or behavioral disturbances, gait dysfunction, and a general decline in function generally attributed to normal aging. These consequences pose a heavy burden on...