An important goal in contemporary educational psychology research is adolescent students' development of higher?order thinking, which includes, among other things, that these students become competent and independent learners and problem solvers. This goal comes forth from the notion of education for life that emphasizes that students can direct their learning and problem solving of their own accord. Especially high?school students can encounter difficulties in independent learning and problem solving when they make the transition to higher education. To counter this, these students need to...