The Jewish community of Dubossar and surrounding areas had existed for about 300 years, during which time a vibrant Jewish culture developed. Jews were artisans, merchants in grain, wine and fruit; they also grew tobacco. In 1897, there were 5,220 Jews in Dubossary, 43% of the total population. At the beginning of the 20th century, the community operated a Talmud Torah, nine chederim, and four private schools. During the civil war in Russia of 1918-20, Jewish self-defense was organized and the community remained relatively free from the pogroms. There were 3,630 Jews in Dubossary in 1926 (81%...