The work presented in this PhD thesis is the result of research carried out at the Center for Sensory-Motor interaction (SMI) at Aalborg University (Denmark) in the period from September 2009 to March 2013. The research was supported by the Danish Research Council for Technology and Production (FTP). During this project five months, between April and August 2011, were spent at Duke University, Durham, NC, USA in collaboration with Dr. Warren M. Grill. This thesis investigates the basic methodology behind the human nociceptive withdrawal reflex (NWR). The aims of this thesis were to...