The present work was carried out to study the chromosomal morphology and behavior of Allium cepa L. Chromosomes. Metaphase-I of Meiosis was selected for karyotyping. It is concluded that the total length of haploid genome was 35.5 RLM.The absolute length ranges from 78-148 RLM excluding the satellite chromosome. The satellite chromosome was numbered 8, having relative length of 165 RLM and arm ratio ranging from 1.08-1.83. The arm ratio shows that the chromosomal complement consists of 4-metacentric and 3-submetacentric chromosomes.

Thermionic energy converter (TEC) is a device to generate electricity from heat in a silent, vibration-free operation. Non-idealities such as negative space-charge effect and electron reflection from collector surface adversely effect output current density and device efficiency. Using a range of thin film deposition techniques such as rf plasma magnetron sputtering, electrochemical deposition and electroless process, different surface structures were developed and tested for suppression of electron reflection using Cs/O vapor plasma TECs. Principles of both vacuum and solution based...