Eutrophication - the enrichment of waters by plant nutrients - is a problem throughout the world. Human settlements, effluents and agricultural activities all produce nitrogen and phosphorous in excess of natural background levels stimulating plant growth. This in turn causes major problems in waterbodies, such as blocking vital waterways, making water harder to treat for drinking supplies, decreasing oxygen levels making fish stocks harder to support (and in some cases killing the entire fauna), and reducing the value of water for amenity value. This book explains in clear language the...

A Late Ordovician silicified brachiopod fauna from the White Mountain area, west-central Alaska is described and interpreted in a palaeoecological and biogeographical context. This area is situated within the Nixon Fork Subterrane of the Farewell Terrane, which origin and timing of final docking with Laurentia has been much debated. The current study adds new faunal data to the debate with nearly 100 species described, of these at least nine are new. The fauna is predominantly a deep-water autochthonous fauna that was mixed with an allochthonous fauna as a result of down-slope movement of...