Cross-correlation and related techniques have dominated the Image processing field since the early fifties. Conventional template matching algorithm based on cross-correlation requires complex calculation and large time for object detection, which makes difficult to use them in real time applications. The shortcomings of this class of image matching methods have caused a slow-down in the development of operational automated correlation systems. In the proposed book particle swarm optimization & its variants based algorithm is used for detection of object in image. Implementation of this...