Twenty first century is heading towards a revolution in the application of biotechnological procedures such as nuclear transfer cloning, sperm and embryo sexing, production of transgenic animals, stem cell research etc. in animals. In addition, the conservation of endangered species and rare livestock breeds are also possible by IVM and IVF techniques. The successful application of these techniques is critically dependent on the expertise in the basic reproduction techniques such as in vitro maturation of oocytes, IVF and in vitro culture of embryos. Improvement in the efficiency of in vitro...