Mechatronic Systems consist of components and/or sub-systems which are from different engineering domains. For example, a solenoid valve has three domains that work in a synergistic fashion: electrical, magnetic, and mechanical (translation). Over the last few decades, engineering systems have become more and more mechatronic. Automobiles are transforming from being gasoline-powered mechanical devices to electric, hybrid electric and even autonomous. This kind of evolution has been possible through the synergistic integration of technology that is derived from different disciplines....

Automobiles have played an important role in the shaping of the human civilization for over a century and continue to play a crucial role today. The design, construction, and performance of automobiles have evolved over the years. For many years, there has been a strong shift toward electrification of automobiles. It started with the by-wire systems where more efficient electro-mechanical subsystems started replacing purely mechanical devices, e.g., anti-lock brakes, drive-by-wire, and cruise control. Over the last decade, driven by a strong push for fuel efficiency, pollution reduction, and...