Adequate resuscitation of shock early in the Emergency Department (ED) is essential to ensure improved patients outcome. The conventional end-points of resuscitation used are inadequate to determine systemic perfusion and oxygenation. Serum lactate is a more reliable endpoint of resuscitation. This study examines the use of serum lactate at various points of resuscitation in ED and their association with patients thirty-days survival time. Results of this study shall add to our understanding of the complex physiology of shock and its clinical relevance. Clinicians and scientists alike will...