This book was produced to answer the need expressed by Radiologists and trainee Radiology Technologists for clear and detailed description of the PACS and its uses in Radiology service. The concept of picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) has now been in existence for over 20 years. Advances in computer hardware technology only enabled it to become a realistic clinical entity in the 1990s. PACS installations are now rising exponentially worldwide, and although most institutions with PACS have achieved a completely filmless working environment, few function in a paperless mode....

This book was produced to answer the need expressed by dental physicians, dental surgeons and radiology technologists for a clear and detailed description of the application of analysis approach in noise estimation using one of image processing programs. The issue of whether the dentist should use the radiographs in diagnosis or delegate this task to the radiographic technologist must be tackled responsibly for achieving radiographic quality and accurate radiation dose. This book also presents a new approach for Independently Identically Distributes (IID) noise in panoramic images and...

Organs motion in Radiotherapy induce an error in the dose received by the tumor. Therefore, this book has been published to evaluate the organs motion during external beam radiotherapy. It deals with the detection, measurement and analysis of the periodic physiological organs motion during external beam radiotherapy. During a fractionated course of radiotherapy, variations in patient position and in the alignment of beams will occur both intra- and inter-fractionally, and a margin for set-up error must be incorporated into the CTV-PTV margin. Errors maybe systematic or random. Systematic...