No century in modern European history has built monuments with more enthusiasm than the 19th. Of the hundreds of monuments erected, those which sprang from a nation-wide initiative and addressed themselves to a nation, rather than part of a nation, we may call national monuments. Nelson s Column in London or the Arc de Triomphe in Paris are obvious examples. In Germany the 19th century witnessed a veritable flood of monuments, many of which rank as national monuments. These reflected and contributed to a developing sense of national identity and the search for national unity; they also...

This book demonstrates a number of approaches made by biblical scholars to find a theology of the Christian Scripture. It then considers attempts to bridge the gap between exegesis and dogmatics by appeal to the discipline of fundamental theology and the doctrine of Revelation. It finds that, for all the interesting questions raised, one is forced back to the Bible from where one must form the themes and concepts which have been developed by theologians through the ages, and which with help from biblical historical critics can be made to refresh theology and serve the Church. This is done by...

This book recovers the stories of two remarkable Victorian working men. Thomas Cooper and Arthur O Neill were both imprisoned for seditious offences in 1843. The friendship they formed in Stafford Gaol lasted for fifty years. These two men wanted to be remembered as Chartist prisoners but, talented and energetic, they also made their marks in other areas. Cooper was the author of a famous poem, The Purgatory of Suicides, and of novels; he knew well Thomas Carlyle and Charles Kingsley, and came into contact with Benjamin Disraeli and Charles Dickens. Later in life he became a lecturer...

Drawing on a range of approaches in cultural, gender and literary studies, this book presents Chretien de Troyes s Erec et Enide as a daring and playful exploration of scandal, terror and anxiety in court cultures. Through an interdisciplinary reading, it locates Erec et Enide, the first surviving Arthurian romance in French, in various contexts, from broad cultural and historical questionings such as medieval vernacular modernity s engagement with the weight of its classical inheritance, to the culturally fecund and politically turbulent histories of the families of Eleanor of...

Robert Duncan was a defining figure of twentieth-century American poetry. Eric Mottram was a pioneer in the ?eld of American Studies in the UK and a key contributor to the British Poetry Revival. In the 1970s the two men conducted a wide-ranging dialogue on poetry, politics and the religious through an exchange of intense and often expansive letters. Mottram continued the dialogue in two substantive critical examinations of Duncan s work. The Unruly Garden presents an annotated edition of the complete available correspondence along with the two essays. The ?rst essay was heavily edited...

Few full-length studies exist in English on French-speaking authors from Belgium. What, if any, are the particular features of francophone Belgian writing? This book explores questions of cultural and literary identity, and offers an overview of currents in critical debate regarding the place of francophone Belgian writing and its relationship to its larger neighbour, but also engages with broader questions concerning the classification of francophone literature.
The study brings together well-known and less well-known modern and contemporary writers (Suzanne Lilar, Neel Doff, Dominique...

Among Hawthorne s primary themes, the visual arts have usually been regarded as an afterthought and have only been examined to elucidate his own personal philosophy. Hawthorne s own contemporaries derided him for his mediocre aesthetics and that view has been taken as received wisdom up to the present day. This study reexamines Hawthorne s aesthetics, and suggests that he was much more familiar with the art and artists of the time than has previously been acknowledged by critics. He developed his own eclectic and transatlantic view of art, a view which incorporated decorative arts like...

The overarching aim of this work is to develop a new account of the doctrine of the Trinity. The author proposes that such an approach is overdue because contemporary trinitarian theology pays insufficient attention to the fact that theology as linguistic discourse is inescapably embedded in human experience. Hence the critical analysis of existing trinitarian constructions (Gunton, LaCugna, Moltmann) is impressively sharp. In response Nausner develops an interstitial methodology, working between experience and revelation, refusing both revelational and experiential positivisms. In dialogue...

Social constructionists argue that our inner selves and our actions in the world are socially produced. Meta-realists, on the other hand, say that human consciousness is stratified, and not socially shaped at all levels. How do the human acts of creativity and resistance illuminate these different perspectives on human consciousness? This book explores theories of self and agency through a critical discourse analysis of the accounts of five British artists talking about their motivations, their creative processes and their experiences of the practices and institutions of visual art....

This book explores the cognitive and communicative processes involved in the use of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF) within cross-cultural specialized contexts where non-native speakers of English i.e. Western experts and non-Western migrants interact. The book argues that the main communicative difficulties in such contexts are due precisely to the use of ELF, since it develops from the non-native speakers transfer of their native language structures and socio-cultural schemata into the English they speak. Transfer, in fact, allows non-native speakers to appropriate, or...