Corrosion is a natural process that converts a refined metal into a more chemically stable form such as oxide, hydroxide, or sulfide. It is the gradual destruction of materials (usually a metal) by chemical and/or electrochemical reaction with their environment. Corrosion engineering is the field dedicated to controlling and preventing corrosion.In aqueous environments, metals may be exposed to not only uniform corrosion, but also to various types of local corrosion including pitting, crevice, intergranular, stress, and galvanic corrosion. In areas where corrosion is a concern, stainless...

Behind every hydraulic system there exists critical components that influence power transmission. To improve your talent you should recognize how these components operate and affect the system i.e. learn the kinds of filter and piping used in hydraulic systems, describe the types and functions of hydraulic seals, and explain the operating principles of different types of pumps, and further learning the types and uses of accumulators, control valves, relief valves, cylinders, and even actuators.In this research study appropriate problem-solving processes are applied, and this helps to...

Hier wurde das Wärmekraftwerk Bahry als Fallstudie herangezogen, da es aufgrund dieses Phänomens stärker betroffen ist. Im Block Nr. 6, bei dem es sich um ein Dampfkraftwerk handelt, waren beide Wellen der Hochdruck- und Niederdruckturbine schwer defekt. Andere Defekte wurden an den Kurbelwellensitzen und den Ölringen in den Hochdruck- und Niederdruckturbinen festgestellt. All diese Defekte wurden hauptsächlich durch eine hohe Reibung zwischen den rotierenden Teilen aufgrund unzureichender Schmierung verursacht, die auftritt, wenn die Schmiermittelzirkulation und die Ölpumpen durch den...

Here Bahry Thermal Power Plant was taken as a case study since it is more affected due to this phenomenon. In unit No. 6, which is steam power plant, both shafts of the high pressure and low pressure turbines were seriously defected. Other defects were noticed in the crankshaft seats and oil rings in high pressure and low pressure turbines. All those defects were mainly caused by high friction between rotating parts due to insufficient lubrication which is happened when lubricant circulation and oil pumps were suddenly stopped by the complete blackout. Also some defects were caused in the...

The textbook presents a brief outline of the basic engineering in design and analysis of PV - diesel hybrid power system. The study has been taken from the point of view of introduction, literature review, pre-design preparation, system design and simulation, simulation results and discussions, conclusions and recommendations. Most of electrical power supplied in Darfur regions are mainly generated by diesel generator units isolated from the national grid. Although those generating units has also received a complete maintenance overhaul, However, capacity problems, such as generator...

One of the most prominent advantages of automated controls is the substantial increase in efficiency. In industries such as manufacturing and logistics, automation has allowed people across various industries and sectors to optimise and refine their processes. People within these industries are now using automation as an integral tool to improve the process and to improve human interaction with the process in ways that before were simply not possible. Automated controls can manage repetitive and time-consuming tasks, resulting in increased production rates, improved turnaround times, and...

Chapter one in this book includes study of urban planning. It is discussed from the viewpoints of general introduction to urban planning; historical background; twenty first century practices; planning theories; technical aspects of urban planning; urban planners; criticisms and debates; and participatory urban planning. In chapter two squatting in Sudan is discussed thoroughly from the consideration of introduction to squatting in Sudan; and historical background of squatting in Sudan. Chapter three deliberates architecture in Sudan from the considerations of introduction; early historical...

It was found that symmetric laminates are stiffer than the anti - symmetric one due to coupling between bending and stretching which decreases the buckling loads of symmetric laminates. The buckling load increases with increasing aspect ratio, and decreases with increase in modulus ratio. The buckling load will remain the same even when the lamination order is reversed. The buckling load increases with the mode number but at different rates depending on the type of end support. It is also observed that as the mode number increases, the plate needs additional support.The aim of the present...

The diploma in mechanical and production engineering has been developed as a cooperative venture between Leeds Polytechnic of U.K. and the Mechanical Engineering College Atbara of Sudan, under the auspices of the British Council. The Mechanical Engineering College Atbara has offered a 3-year course in mechanical engineering since 1971. This current course is a logical development of the previous course, and maintains as its overall objective, the education of technician engineers to a level of practical and academic competence compatible with that of Western Europe and satisfying the...

The author of the present textbook hopes that the book will fulfill the requirements of bachelor programs, higher diploma and general diploma for students of mechanical engineering, production and manufacturing engineering, electrical and electronic engineering and civil engineering. This textbook is of great importance in covering the courses of engineering measurement and automatic control systems (i.e. mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal, electronic, and electrical systems).This textbook agrees linguistically with the Unified Sudanese Engineering Dictionary. It is considered as a...