Fundamentals of horticulture practical manual cover essential horticultural techniques. It begins with plant propagation methods like seed sowing, cuttings, layering, and budding, emphasizing their applications and optimal conditions. Soil science fundamentals, including composition, pH, and nutrient management, are addressed through practical demonstrations of soil testing and amendment. Irrigation systems, from drip to sprinkler, are explored for efficient water use. Fruit identification and nomenclature and Garden tools identification. Pruning, training, and grafting techniques are...

Roots are important to plants for a wide variety of processes, including nutrient and water uptake, anchoring and mechanical support, storage functions and as a major interface between the plant and various biotic and abiotic factors in the soil environment. Root exploration largely determines the ability of plants to acquire mineral nutrients from soils. Therefore, root architecture, "the 3-dimensional configuration of the plant's root system in the soil", is of great importance for improving crop nutrient efficiency, which is an essential consideration for environmental friendly and...

Das derzeitige Agrarsystem stellt eine große Gefahr für die Nachhaltigkeit unseres Agrar-Ökosystems dar. In dieser Situation ist es wichtig, nach effektiven und umweltfreundlichen Alternativen zu suchen. In den letzten Jahren gewinnt die ökologische Landwirtschaft aufgrund der gefährlichen Auswirkungen der chemischen Landwirtschaft immer mehr an Bedeutung. Daher müssen organische Düngemittel, Bio-Pestizide, Bio-Dünger und Bio-Wachstumsförderer entweder allein oder in sinnvoller Kombination eingesetzt werden, um das ökologische Gleichgewicht zu erhalten. Der ökologische Landbau wird...