A very much important, and very essential branch of mathematics is known as CALCULUS. This very applicable aspect of Mathematics actually deals with the problems of defining and calculating the slope of a curved line and the area under the curve. Finding the slope referred to as derivative is done in Differential Calculus while finding the area which is called integral is done in Integral Calculus. The fundamental Theorem of Calculus shows that differentiation and integration are inverse processes. Finding the area enclosed by the curve of a given function is equivalent to finding a function...

Logic: can be defined as the are of reasoning. A statement which is either true or false but not both. We shall assume that a large class of statements and to each one w can attach a name. We use the letters a, b, c,... p, q, r, s,... to denote propositions e call them propositional variables. The equivalent statements of P and q are joined by grammatical conjunctions Syllogism is a conclusion in logic from two given statements. Two propositions are equal if they have the same truth values. To prove equality of two purposes the general method is to construction their truth tables. Tautology:...