Congenital anomalies can be defined as birth defects, congenital disorders or congenital malformations, structural or functional anomalies, including metabolic disorders, which are present at the time of birth. There are 15 types of orofacial clefts, with cleft lip and palate being the second most common. Facial clefts are often severe and may be accompanied by other significant craniofacial anomalies or other medical conditions. No exact mechanism has been discovered for the cause of non-syndromiccleft, and the cause is believed to be multifactorial. Clefts tend to cluster in families but...

Rigid fixation is defined as a technique that does not allow micromotion of the fracture segments during normal function. Studies have demonstrated that absolute rigid fixation is not necessary for successful healing. In fact it has been shown that the additional plates necessary to establish absolute rigidity may actually increase the complication rate. Rigid internal fixation allows good anatomic reduction and the possibility of immediate function of the lower jaw, without the use of long lasting and uncomfortable intermaxillary fixation.

La fixation rigide est définie comme une technique qui ne permet pas de micromouvement des segments de fracture pendant la fonction normale. Des études ont démontré que la fixation rigide absolue n'est pas nécessaire pour une guérison réussie. En fait, il a été démontré que les plaques supplémentaires nécessaires pour établir une rigidité absolue peuvent en fait augmenter le taux de complications. La fixation interne rigide permet une bonne réduction anatomique et la possibilité d'une fonction immédiate de la mâchoire inférieure, sans avoir recours à une fixation...