This book investigates bilingual speech production and the underlying cognitive processes that facilitate target language selection, lexical access, and inhibitory control of cross-linguistic interference. In particular, it examines whether or not certain factors representing L2 proficiency such as linguistic background/bilingual type, age of acquisition, and verbal fluency modulate these processes. An exploratory study is presented in which language learners and heritage speakers participated in a variety of experimental tasks. A significant effect was found for L2 verbal fluency to the...