With the implementation of regional autonomy Indonesia passed one of the most rigorous decentralisation reforms throughout Asia. This book explores the impacts regional autonomy had on the wellbeing of the Dayak Benuaq - one of the diverse indigenous groups of East Kalimantan. It describes the Dayak Benuaq s own perceptions of poverty and wellbeing, documents processes of ongoing social, political and economic change and demonstrates how they are intertwined with decentralisation.