English summary: The metaphor as a linguistic and intellectual phenomenon is one of the most fascinating subjects of cognitive linguistics. Metaphors are systematically analyzed on the levels of word, sentence and text. Phenomena such as innovative and lexicalized metaphors, the cognitive processing and pragmatic function of metaphorical expressions as well as metaphors in the process of text comprehension are theoretically explained and illustrated with the help of a large number of authentic examples. Separate chapters deal with metaphors in mass media and in literary texts. The book is...