Synchrotron x-ray optics, such as mirrors and monochromators, are used to reflect, focus, or spectrally filter x-ray beams. The effective delivery and utilization of x-ray beams rely on the quality and performance of these optics. One of the key issues affecting optimal performance is the deviation from ideal shape of the optical surfaces. Such deviation can be due to limitations in manufacturing, but, more often than not, they result from thermal and/or mechanical forces on the crystalline substrate. Thus, understanding the deformation and the methods used to minimize undesired deformation...