The volume contains surveys and original articles based on the talks given at the 40-th Finsler Symposium on Finsler Geometry held in the period September 9-10, 2005 at Hokkaido Tokai University, Sapporo, Japan. The Symposium's purpose was not only a meeting of the Finsler geometers from Japan and abroad, but also to commemorate the memory of the late Professor Makoto Matsumoto. The papers included in this volume contain fundamental topics of modern Riemann-Finsler geometry, interesting not only for specialists in Finsler geometry, but for researchers in Riemannian geometry or other...