This work presents a detailed numerical investigation of the thermo-hydrodynamic behavior of hybrid and ternary hybrid nanofluids flowing through a cylindrical tube under forced convection conditions. The study focuses on nanofluids composed of Al2O -TiO2 and Al2O -TiO2-CNT nanoparticles dispersed in a water-ethylene glycol base fluid. The tube is fully filled with a porous medium and subjected to an external magnetic field. The influence of key governing parameters, including Darcy number, Hartmann number, and magnetic field orientation, is systematically examined. The finite volume method...