Engineering structures often operate in complex environments and are subjected to various dynamic loads, which can cause structural vibrations. Such vibrations may lead to material fatigue and, ultimately, structural failure. Therefore, it is crucial to understand structural vibrations and mitigate them through proper design to ensure reliable, safe, and sustainable performance. An important step in the vibration design of an engineering structure is the evaluation of its modal characteristics, such as natural frequencies and mode shapes. This modal information plays a key role in both the...